Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2013 Jan;71(1):35-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00550.x.
It has been nearly 15 years since the first review on pregnancy and iron deficiency was published in Nutrition Reviews. Many unresolved issues raised in that seminal review have been addressed. New proteins involved in nonheme and heme iron transport have been identified in the enterocyte, and information on the roles of these proteins in the placenta is evolving. The systemic iron regulatory hormone, hepcidin, has since been identified as a key regulator of iron homeostasis. Additional data on the efficacy and consequences of prenatal iron supplementation are available. Emerging data on developmental changes in iron absorption across early infancy have further emphasized the need to ensure that the iron endowment of the neonate at birth is optimal. This is especially important, given growing evidence linking neonatal iron status with subsequent cognitive and neurobehavioral outcomes. Along with the many advances, new questions and gaps in knowledge have been identified. This review summarizes new data on maternal iron utilization across pregnancy as it impacts the pregnant woman and the iron status of the neonate at birth.
自第一篇关于妊娠和缺铁的综述在《营养评论》上发表以来，已经过去了 15 年。该开创性综述中提出的许多未解决的问题已经得到解决。在肠细胞中已经鉴定出参与非血红素和血红素铁转运的新蛋白质，并且关于这些蛋白质在胎盘内作用的信息正在不断发展。此后，系统性铁调节激素——铁调素被确定为铁稳态的关键调节剂。关于产前铁补充的疗效和后果的更多数据也已可用。关于婴儿早期铁吸收发育变化的新数据进一步强调了确保新生儿出生时的铁储备量最佳的必要性。鉴于越来越多的证据表明新生儿铁状况与随后的认知和神经行为结果有关，这一点尤为重要。除了许多进展之外，还确定了新的问题和知识空白。本综述总结了与妊娠期间母体铁利用相关的新数据，这些数据会影响孕妇和新生儿的铁状况。
