Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 15213, USA.
Psychol Med. 2013 Oct;43(10):2215-25. doi: 10.1017/S0033291712002875. Epub 2013 Jan 4.
Sleep loss produces abnormal increases in reward seeking but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are poorly understood. The present study examined the influence of one night of sleep deprivation on neural responses to a monetary reward task in a sample of late adolescents/young adults.
Using a within-subjects crossover design, 27 healthy, right-handed late adolescents/young adults (16 females, 11 males; mean age 23.1 years) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) following a night of sleep deprivation and following a night of normal sleep. Participants’ recent sleep history was monitored using actigraphy for 1 week prior to each sleep condition.
Following sleep deprivation, participants exhibited increased activity in the ventral striatum (VS) and reduced deactivation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) during the winning of monetary reward, relative to the same task following normal sleep conditions. Shorter total sleep time over the five nights before the sleep-deprived testing condition was associated with reduced deactivation in the mPFC during reward.
These findings support the hypothesis that sleep loss produces aberrant functioning in reward neural circuitry, increasing the salience of positively reinforcing stimuli. Aberrant reward functioning related to insufficient sleep may contribute to the development and maintenance of reward dysfunction-related disorders, such as compulsive gambling, eating, substance abuse and mood disorders.
睡眠不足会导致奖赏寻求异常增加，但这一现象的机制仍不清楚。本研究在一组青少年/年轻人中，考察了一晚上睡眠剥夺对金钱奖励任务神经反应的影响。
采用自身对照交叉设计，27 名健康、右利手的青少年/年轻人（16 名女性，11 名男性；平均年龄 23.1 岁）在经历一晚上睡眠剥夺和一晚上正常睡眠后，进行功能磁共振成像（fMRI）。在每个睡眠条件之前的一周，使用活动记录仪监测参与者最近的睡眠史。
与正常睡眠条件下相比，睡眠剥夺后，参与者在赢得金钱奖励时，腹侧纹状体（VS）的活动增加，内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）的去激活减少。在睡眠剥夺测试前的五个晚上，总睡眠时间越短，在奖励期间 mPFC 的去激活越少。
这些发现支持了睡眠不足导致奖赏神经回路异常功能的假设，增加了正强化刺激的显著性。与睡眠不足相关的异常奖赏功能可能导致与奖赏功能障碍相关的疾病的发展和维持，如强迫性赌博、饮食、物质滥用和情绪障碍。
