Department of Neurology, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2013 Feb;19(2):216-25. doi: 10.1017/S1355617712001245. Epub 2013 Jan 4.
Major depressive disorder (MDD), cognitive symptoms, and mild cognitive deficits commonly occur in HIV-infected individuals, despite highly active antiretroviral therapies. In this study, we compared neuropsychological performance and cognitive symptoms of 191 HIV-infected participants. Results indicated that participants with a formal diagnosis of current MDD performed significantly worse than participants without MDD in all seven neuropsychological domains evaluated, with the largest effect sizes in information processing speed, learning, and memory. In addition, a brief assessment of cognitive symptoms, derived from a comprehensive neuromedical interview, correlated significantly with neurocognitive functioning. Participants with MDD reported more cognitive symptoms and showed greater neurocognitive deficits than participants without MDD. These findings indicate that HIV-infected adults with MDD have more cognitive symptoms and worse neuropsychological performance than HIV-infected individuals without MDD. The results of this study have important implications for the diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND).
重度抑郁症（MDD）、认知症状和轻度认知缺陷在接受高效抗逆转录病毒疗法的 HIV 感染者中很常见。在这项研究中，我们比较了 191 名 HIV 感染者的神经心理学表现和认知症状。结果表明，与没有 MDD 的参与者相比，目前患有 MDD 的正式诊断的参与者在所有七个神经心理学领域的表现明显更差，在信息处理速度、学习和记忆方面的效果最大。此外，对认知症状的简短评估，来自全面的神经医学访谈，与神经认知功能显著相关。有 MDD 的参与者报告的认知症状更多，神经认知缺陷也比没有 MDD 的参与者更严重。这些发现表明，患有 MDD 的 HIV 感染者比没有 MDD 的 HIV 感染者有更多的认知症状和更差的神经心理学表现。这项研究的结果对 HIV 相关神经认知障碍（HAND）的诊断具有重要意义。
