Hoang David Manh, Reid Dixie, Lentz Christopher William
University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
J Burn Care Res. 2013 Jan-Feb;34(1):74-7. doi: 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3182676cab.
Every summer, there is an increase in the number of burn injuries caused by accidents around campfires. Because of the prevalence of drought, high winds, and uncontrolled wild fires, a statewide ban on recreational fires was instituted in New Mexico from June to July 2011. We hypothesized that this legislation would have a significant impact on burn admissions caused by campfire-related injuries. A retrospective review of summer admissions to a state burn center was conducted to assess the effect of this ban on recreational fire injuries, and these data were compared with that of the previous summer when no ban was in effect. All burn admissions to a state burn center were reviewed from Memorial Day to Labor Day in 2010 and 2011. Data collected included cause, % TBSA, age, days of hospitalization, intensive care unit days, and total surface area grafted. Nonparametric statistical analysis was performed with Fisher exact test for dichotomous data and Mann-Whitney test for continuous data with significance at P < .05. There were 164 burn center admissions between Memorial Day and Labor Day in 2010 (n = 82) and 2011 (n = 82). Compared with all summer burn center admissions, patients injured by campfires were younger (18 vs 37 years; P = .002) with smaller total surface area burns (3.2 vs 6.2%; P = .41) and had shorter lengths of stay (10-11 vs 6-7 days; P = .62). There was more than a 3-fold decrease in burn admissions due to recreational fires during the study period (n = 14 [17%] in 2010 and 4 [5%] in 2011; P = .02). This resulted in a decrease in the number of patient-days from 91 in 2010 to 25 in 2011. Half of the camp fire admissions required skin grafts to definitively close the wounds (6/14 in 2010 and 2/4 in 2011). Recreational fire bans targeted at controlling wildfires during conditions favoring rapid spread were associated with a 3- to 4-fold decrease in campfire-related burn admissions. Compared with a summer when no fire ban was in effect, the number of patient-days decreased from 91 to 25.
每年夏天，篝火周边事故导致的烧伤人数都会增加。由于干旱、大风以及失控野火的普遍存在，新墨西哥州在2011年6月至7月期间实施了全州范围内的娱乐性用火禁令。我们推测这项立法会对篝火相关伤害导致的烧伤住院人数产生重大影响。我们对一家州立烧伤中心夏季的住院病例进行了回顾性研究，以评估这项禁令对娱乐性用火伤害的影响，并将这些数据与前一个夏天（当时未实施禁令）的数据进行比较。我们审查了2010年和2011年从阵亡将士纪念日到劳动节期间该州烧伤中心的所有烧伤住院病例。收集的数据包括烧伤原因、烧伤总面积百分比、年龄、住院天数、重症监护病房天数以及植皮总面积。对二分数据采用Fisher精确检验，对连续数据采用Mann-Whitney检验进行非参数统计分析，显著性水平为P < .05。2010年（n = 82）和2011年（n = 82）阵亡将士纪念日至劳动节期间，烧伤中心共有164例住院病例。与所有夏季烧伤中心住院病例相比，因篝火受伤的患者更年轻（18岁对37岁；P = .002），烧伤总面积更小（3.2%对6.2%；P = .41），住院时间更短（10 - 11天对6 - 7天；P = .62）。在研究期间，因娱乐性用火导致的烧伤住院人数减少了3倍多（2010年为14例[17%]，2011年为4例[5%]；P = .02）。这使得患者住院天数从2010年的91天减少到2011年的25天。一半的篝火烧伤住院病例需要植皮才能最终闭合伤口（2010年为6/14例，2011年为2/4例）。在有利于野火快速蔓延的条件下，旨在控制野火的娱乐性用火禁令使与篝火相关的烧伤住院人数减少了3至4倍。与未实施用火禁令的夏天相比，患者住院天数从91天减少到了25天。
