Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 Jan;67 Suppl 1:S60-70. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.166.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Body composition calculated using whole-body bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), almost invariably with height (H) and often with weight (W), can help patient management and predict clinical outcomes. This study aimed to examine the merits of this approach compared with simple anthropometry (W+H).
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Use was made of original data and validation studies based on reference body composition methods: water dilution, densitometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and more robust methods. Prediction of clinical outcomes, including mortality and length of hospital stay, was examined in six studies of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a study with multiple patient groups. Vector analysis, phase angle, multi-frequency BIA and segmental impedance were not considered.
In a broad range of study populations, from neonates to older people, in health and disease, body composition calculated using BIA with simple anthropometry frequently offered no advantage over W+H alone, but in some situations it was superior and in others inferior. In predicting clinically relevant outcomes, the fat-free mass index (FFMI), established using BIA, had comparable and sometimes greater power than body mass index (BMI), but none of the reviewed papers used FFMI calculated from W+H or BMI to predict clinical outcomes.
A variable and generally weak evidence base was found to suggest that BIA with anthropometry is better at predicting body composition than simple anthropometry alone. No evidence was found from the reviewed studies that FFMI calculated from BIA and anthropometry was better at predicting clinical outcomes than FFMI calculated by simple anthropometry alone.
背景/目的：使用全身生物电阻抗分析（BIA）计算的身体成分，几乎总是结合身高（H），并且经常结合体重（W），可以帮助进行患者管理和预测临床结局。本研究旨在比较这种方法与简单人体测量学（W+H）的优点。
受试者/方法：利用基于参考身体成分方法（如水分稀释法、密度测定法、双能 X 射线吸收法等）的原始数据和验证研究。检查了六项慢性阻塞性肺疾病研究和一项多患者组研究中临床结局（包括死亡率和住院时间）的预测。未考虑向量分析、相位角、多频 BIA 和节段阻抗。
在从新生儿到老年人、健康和疾病等广泛的研究人群中，使用 BIA 结合简单人体测量学计算的身体成分，通常并不优于单独使用 W+H，但在某些情况下，它优于单独使用 W+H，而在其他情况下则劣于单独使用 W+H。在预测临床相关结局方面，使用 BIA 建立的去脂体重指数（FFMI）与 BMI 具有可比性，有时甚至更强，但综述中的论文均未使用 W+H 或 BMI 计算的 FFMI 来预测临床结局。
研究结果表明，BIA 结合人体测量学在预测身体成分方面优于单独使用简单人体测量学，但证据基础存在差异且通常较弱。综述中的研究没有发现，BIA 和人体测量学计算的 FFMI 在预测临床结局方面优于单独使用简单人体测量学计算的 FFMI。
