Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute/College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Jul 1;131(1-2):143-8. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.12.013. Epub 2013 Jan 8.
Prescription opioid use disorders are the second most common drug use disorder behind only cannabis use disorders. Despite this, very little is known about the help-seeking behavior among individuals with these disorders.
The sample included respondents of the Wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) with a lifetime diagnosis of prescription drug use disorders (N=623). Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios are presented for time to first treatment-seeking by sociodemographic characteristics and comorbid psychiatric disorders.
The lifetime cumulative probability of treatment seeking was 42% and the median delay from prescription drug use disorder onset to first treatment was 3.83 years. Having an earlier onset of prescription opioid use disorder and a history of bipolar disorder, major depression disorder, specific phobia and cluster B personality disorders predicted shorter delays to treatment.
Although some comorbid psychiatric disorders increase the rate of treatment-seeking and decrease delays to first-treatment contact rates of treatment-seeking for prescription drug use disorder are low, even when compared with rates of treatment for other substance use disorders. Given the high prevalence and adverse consequences of prescription drug use disorder, there is a need to improve detection and treatment of prescription opioid use disorder.
处方阿片类药物使用障碍是仅次于大麻使用障碍的第二常见药物使用障碍。尽管如此，对于这些障碍患者的寻求帮助行为，人们知之甚少。
该样本包括具有终生处方药物使用障碍诊断的国家酒精和相关条件流行病学调查（NESARC）第 2 波的受访者（N=623）。根据社会人口统计学特征和共病精神障碍，呈现了首次治疗寻求的无调整和调整后的风险比。
终生治疗寻求的累积概率为 42%，从处方药物使用障碍发病到首次治疗的中位数延迟为 3.83 年。处方阿片类药物使用障碍的发病年龄较早，以及有双相情感障碍、重度抑郁症、特定恐惧症和 B 群人格障碍病史，预测治疗延迟时间更短。
尽管一些共病精神障碍会增加治疗寻求的比率，并减少首次治疗接触的延迟，但与其他物质使用障碍的治疗率相比，处方药物使用障碍的治疗寻求率仍然较低。鉴于处方药物使用障碍的高患病率和不良后果，需要提高对处方阿片类药物使用障碍的检测和治疗。
