Vainiger Dana, Labruna Ludovica, Ivry Richard B, Lavidor Michal
Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Psychol Res. 2014 Jan;78(1):55-69. doi: 10.1007/s00426-012-0475-3. Epub 2013 Jan 10.
Understanding actions based on either language or action observation is presumed to involve the motor system, reflecting the engagement of an embodied conceptual network. We examined how linguistic and gestural information were integrated in a series of cross-domain priming studies. We varied the task demands across three experiments in which symbolic gestures served as primes for verbal targets. Primes were clips of symbolic gestures taken from a rich set of emblems. Participants responded by making a lexical decision to the target (Experiment 1), naming the target (Experiment 2), or performing a semantic relatedness judgment (Experiment 3). The magnitude of semantic priming was larger in the relatedness judgment and lexical decision tasks compared to the naming task. Priming was also observed in a control task in which the primes were pictures of landscapes with conceptually related verbal targets. However, for these stimuli, the amount of priming was similar across the three tasks. We propose that action observation triggers an automatic, pre-lexical spread of activation, consistent with the idea that language-gesture integration occurs in an obligatory and automatic fashion.
基于语言或动作观察来理解动作被认为涉及运动系统，这反映了具身概念网络的参与。我们在一系列跨领域启动研究中考察了语言和手势信息是如何整合的。我们在三个实验中改变了任务要求，其中象征性手势作为言语目标的启动刺激。启动刺激是从丰富的象征符号集中选取的象征性手势片段。参与者通过对目标进行词汇判断（实验1）、说出目标名称（实验2）或进行语义相关性判断（实验3）来做出反应。与命名任务相比，语义启动的程度在相关性判断和词汇判断任务中更大。在一个控制任务中也观察到了启动效应，在该任务中启动刺激是带有概念相关言语目标的风景图片。然而，对于这些刺激，启动量在三个任务中相似。我们提出动作观察会触发自动的、词汇前的激活扩散，这与语言 - 手势整合以一种强制性和自动的方式发生的观点一致。
