Sustained beneficial effects of gallopamil (D600) on size of myocardial infarction 24 hours after coronary artery occlusion in dogs.

To examine whether gallopamil (D600), a methoxy derivative of verapamil, has sustained beneficial effects on the ischemic myocardium, its effects on the size of myocardial infarction determined 6 hours (protocol 1) and 24 hours (protocol 2) after left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion were compared in anesthetized, open-chest dogs. To quantify the extent of the hypoperfused zone, Tc-99m- or In-111-albumin microspheres were injected into the left atrium 1 minute after occlusion. Fifteen minutes after occlusion, dogs were randomly assigned to a control group or a gallopamil-treated group that received immediately after assignment 0.08 mg/kg of gallopamil followed by a continuous infusion of 0.2 mg/kg/hr for 6 hours. Six or 24 hours after occlusion, the left ventricle was cut into 3 mm thick slices for triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and autoradiography. There were no differences in the extent of the hypoperfused zone among the four groups. In both protocols 1 and 2 the ratio of the extent of myocardial necrosis to the extent of the hypoperfused zone was significantly smaller in the treated groups (56.7 +/- 6.7% [n = 8], p less than 0.01 and 72.3 +/- 5.3% [n = 6], p less than 0.05 for protocols 1 and 2, respectively) than in the control groups (100.7 +/- 6.0% [n = 7] and 95.2 +/- 4.3% [n = 5] for protocols I and II, respectively). Thus gallopamil administered early after coronary artery occlusion had beneficial effects on the ischemic myocardium, which were sustained for at least 24 hours after the onset of infarction.