Tendais Iva, Visser Gerard H A, Figueiredo Bárbara, Montenegro Nuno, Mulder Eduard J H
School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2013 Apr;16(2):619-28. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.149. Epub 2013 Jan 14.
Fetal movements and fetal heart rate (FHR) are well-established markers of fetal well-being and maturation of the fetal central nervous system. The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss the available knowledge on fetal movements and heart rate patterns in twin pregnancies. There is some evidence for an association or similarity in fetal movement incidences or FHR patterns between both members of twin pairs. However, the temporal occurrence of these patterns seems to be for the most part asynchronous, especially when stricter criteria are used to define synchrony. The available data suggest that fetal behavior is largely independent of sex combination, fetal position, and presentation. Conversely, chorionicity appears to have some influence on fetal behavior, mainly before 30 weeks of gestation. There is preliminary evidence for the continuity of inter-individual differences in fetal activity and FHR patterns over pregnancy. Comparisons between studies are limited by large methodological differences and absence of uniform concepts and definitions. Future studies with high methodological quality are needed to provide a more comprehensive knowledge of normal fetal behavior in twin pregnancy.
胎动和胎心率（FHR）是公认的胎儿健康及胎儿中枢神经系统成熟的标志。本文旨在回顾和讨论双胎妊娠中关于胎动和心率模式的现有知识。有证据表明双胎中两个胎儿的胎动发生率或胎心率模式存在关联或相似性。然而，这些模式的出现时间在很大程度上似乎是不同步的，尤其是当使用更严格的标准来定义同步性时。现有数据表明，胎儿行为在很大程度上独立于性别组合、胎儿位置和先露情况。相反，绒毛膜性似乎对胎儿行为有一些影响，主要是在妊娠30周之前。有初步证据表明，个体间胎儿活动和胎心率模式在整个孕期存在差异连续性。研究之间的比较受到方法学上的巨大差异以及缺乏统一概念和定义的限制。需要高质量的方法学研究来更全面地了解双胎妊娠中的正常胎儿行为。
