University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013 Mar;145(3):626-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2012.12.003. Epub 2013 Jan 9.
Alveolar-pleural fistulas causing persistent air leaks are conditions associated with prolonged hospital courses, high morbidity, and possibly increased mortality. Intrabronchial valves serve as a noninvasive therapeutic option for the closure of alveolar-pleural fistulas.
The present review describes a brief history of, and indications for, the placement of intrabronchial valves in patients with persistent air leaks. The essential steps necessary for placement are air leak isolation, airway sizing, and valve deployment. Additionally, the indications and methods for intrabronchial valve removal, along with the potential complications from intrabronchial valve placement, are described.
The increased use of intrabronchial valves in the treatment of persistent air leaks requires bronchoscopists and clinicians to understand the procedural steps and techniques necessary for intrabronchial valve placement.
导致持续性肺漏气的肺泡-胸膜瘘是与延长住院时间、高发病率相关的病症，并且可能增加死亡率。支气管内瓣膜是一种用于闭合肺泡-胸膜瘘的非侵入性治疗选择。
本综述描述了支气管内瓣膜在持续性肺漏气患者中的应用的简要历史和适应证。放置支气管内瓣膜所需的基本步骤包括漏气隔离、气道大小测量和瓣膜部署。此外，还描述了支气管内瓣膜移除的适应证和方法，以及支气管内瓣膜放置的潜在并发症。
支气管内瓣膜在治疗持续性肺漏气中的应用越来越多，这要求支气管镜医师和临床医生了解放置支气管内瓣膜所需的程序步骤和技术。
