Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2013 May;23(5):227-33. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2012.12.001. Epub 2013 Jan 12.
In plants, the actin cytoskeleton plays a fundamental role in intracellular transport, cell growth, and morphology. Formins are central regulators of actin polymerization and actin-based processes in many eukaryotes. Plants have a diverse family of formins and this diversity arose early in land plant evolution, probably deriving from family expansion and domain acquisition. Recently, formins from different plant lineages have been studied and the focus of these studies is beginning to shift from biochemical characterization to in vivo function. In vivo studies have shown that distinct biochemical activities confer specific cellular functions. Despite these differences, many plant formins have in common a direct link to the plasma membrane, suggesting that formins in plants are important links between the plasma membrane and actin remodeling.
在植物中，肌动蛋白细胞骨架在细胞内运输、细胞生长和形态发生中起着基本作用。成核因子是许多真核生物中肌动蛋白聚合和基于肌动蛋白的过程的核心调节剂。植物有成核因子的多样化家族，这种多样性在陆地植物进化的早期就出现了，可能是通过家族扩张和结构域获得而来的。最近，不同植物谱系的成核因子已经被研究，这些研究的重点开始从生化特征转移到体内功能。体内研究表明，不同的生化活性赋予了特定的细胞功能。尽管存在这些差异，但许多植物成核因子的共同点是与质膜直接相连，这表明植物中的成核因子是质膜和肌动蛋白重塑之间的重要联系。
