Schütt F, Aretz S, Auffahrt G U, Kopitz J
Augenklinik, Universität Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120 Heidelberg.
Ophthalmologe. 2013 Apr;110(4):346-52. doi: 10.1007/s00347-012-2752-3.
The universal energy source adenosine triphosphate (ATP)is reduced by approximately 30 % in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of elderly persons. Increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidative capacity, such as glutathione in aging eyes cause impairment of energy-dependent RPE processes and lead to loss of visual function. We developed a cell culture model of aging RPE using atractyloside to inhibit mitochondrial ATP synthesis and tert-butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant. The ATP levels were reduced by 30 % and oxidative damaged proteins and DNA increased whereas antioxidative glutathione decreased. Autophagy as an internal cellular repair mechanism and phagocytosis of photoreceptors were impaired. Antioxidative and mitochondria-activating Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 increased the intracellular ATP level and antioxidative glutathione. This cell culture model seems to be suitable to investigate in vitro the effect of protective substances and their compounds on aging processes in RPE.
通用能量源三磷酸腺苷（ATP）在老年人的视网膜色素上皮（RPE）中减少了约30%。氧化应激增加和抗氧化能力下降，如衰老眼睛中的谷胱甘肽，会导致能量依赖的RPE过程受损，并导致视觉功能丧失。我们使用苍术苷抑制线粒体ATP合成，并以叔丁基过氧化氢作为氧化剂，建立了衰老RPE的细胞培养模型。ATP水平降低了30%，氧化损伤的蛋白质和DNA增加，而抗氧化谷胱甘肽减少。作为一种细胞内修复机制的自噬和光感受器的吞噬作用受损。具有抗氧化和线粒体激活作用的银杏叶提取物EGb 761增加了细胞内ATP水平和抗氧化谷胱甘肽。这种细胞培养模型似乎适合在体外研究保护物质及其化合物对RPE衰老过程的影响。
