Strauss O
Experimentelle Ophthalmologie Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Klinikum der Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologe. 2009 Apr;106(4):299-304. doi: 10.1007/s00347-008-1869-x.
The evolution of light sensitive cells probably began with a primitive functional unit composed of a photoreceptor cell and a pigmented cell. Even during embryonic development this functional unit is formed in a differentiation process in which the two interacting partners depend on each other. For some of the most important forms of retinal degeneration this knowledge on the functional cooperation between retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors is of great importance for analysis and development of therapeutic approaches. In this way mutations of genes which are expressed in photoreceptors can lead to diseases which start in the retinal pigment epithelium and vice versa. This article summarizes the variety of different functions of the retinal pigment epithelium and describes the failure of those functions which are of most clinical importance.
光敏感细胞的进化可能始于一个由光感受器细胞和色素细胞组成的原始功能单元。即使在胚胎发育过程中，这个功能单元也是在一个分化过程中形成的，其中两个相互作用的伙伴相互依赖。对于一些最重要的视网膜变性形式，视网膜色素上皮和光感受器之间功能合作的这一知识对于治疗方法的分析和开发非常重要。通过这种方式，在光感受器中表达的基因突变可导致始于视网膜色素上皮的疾病，反之亦然。本文总结了视网膜色素上皮的各种不同功能，并描述了那些具有最重要临床意义的功能的失效情况。
