Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller 2443, Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil.
Toxicon. 2013 Mar 15;64:55-9. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.12.021. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
This study describes an outbreak of Simarouba versicolor intoxication in cattle from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and reproduces it experimentally. Clinical signs of the affected animals were weakness, tremors, hind limbs incoordination, reluctance to move, sternal and lateral recumbency and death. The main necropsy findings, observed in the abomasum and in segments of the small and large intestines, were diffuse redness and mucosal and serosal swelling. Histological examination revealed necrosis of lymphoid tissues and necrotizing enterocolitis. One experiment was carried out using 3 male calves to test the toxicity of a single dose of S. versicolor leaves at 15 g/kg, 5 g/kg and 2.5 g/kg. Clinical signs, necropsy findings and histological examination of calves receiving 15 g/kg and 5 g/kg leaves were similar to those of cattle from the intoxication outbreak. The calf fed 2.5 g/kg leaves developed clinical symptoms of poisoning and recovered naturally. In a second experiment, two male calves received daily administration of S. versicolor leaves at 1.5 g/kg and 2.5 g/kg for 10 days. They developed clinical signs of intoxication within 24 h and recovered eight to nine days after the leaves were administered. These findings suggest that S. versicolor was responsible for the outbreak studied, although this plant does not have cumulative intoxication effects on cattle.
本研究描述了巴西马托格罗索州一起假巴豆中毒的爆发，并进行了实验再现。受感染动物的临床症状包括虚弱、震颤、后肢不协调、不愿移动、胸骨和侧卧位以及死亡。在真胃和小肠和大肠的各段中观察到的主要剖检发现是弥漫性红色、黏膜和浆膜肿胀。组织学检查显示淋巴组织坏死和坏死性肠炎。进行了一项实验，使用 3 头雄性小牛来测试 15 g/kg、5 g/kg 和 2.5 g/kg 剂量的假巴豆叶的单一剂量的毒性。接受 15 g/kg 和 5 g/kg 叶片的小牛的临床症状、剖检发现和组织学检查与中毒爆发的牛相似。接受 2.5 g/kg 叶片的小牛出现中毒临床症状并自然恢复。在第二个实验中，两头雄性小牛每天接受 1.5 g/kg 和 2.5 g/kg 的假巴豆叶处理 10 天。它们在 24 小时内出现中毒临床症状，并在给药后 8 至 9 天恢复。这些发现表明假巴豆是研究中爆发的原因，尽管这种植物对牛没有累积中毒作用。
