Myburgh J G, Fourie N, van der Lugt J J, Kellerman T S, Cornelius S T, Ward C
Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Medical University of Southern Africa, Medunsa, South Africa.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1994 Jun;61(2):171-6.
Two outbreaks of neurotoxicoses are reported in cattle browsing on the leaves of Ficus spp. In the first outbreak, three animals died and one became ill. A sheep developed severe nervous signs, including tetanic spasms, when dosed with the leaves of Ficus ingens var. ingens from the toxic camp where the cattle had died. The second outbreak resulted in the death of 12 heifers within 48 h of ingestion of the leaves of F. cordata subsp. salicifolia. Clinical signs included hyperaesthesia, ataxia, muscle tremors and padding motions while in lateral recumbency. Similar signs were reproduced by drenching the incriminated leaves to a steer. The sheep dosed with F. ingens var. ingens and two cattle, one of which had died during the second outbreak and the steer drenched with F. cordata subsp. salicifolia, were necropsied. Light microscopical examination consistently revealed oedema of the central nervous system. In the steer, focal demyelination was evident in localized areas of the brain and spinal cord. Liver lesions ranged from mild degeneration to focal disseminated necrosis of hepatocytes.
据报道，牛食用榕属植物的叶子后发生了两起神经中毒事件。在第一起事件中，三头动物死亡，一头生病。一只绵羊在投喂来自牛死亡的有毒营地的硬皮榕变种硬皮榕的叶子后，出现了严重的神经症状，包括强直性痉挛。第二起事件导致12头小母牛在摄入心叶榕亚种柳叶榕的叶子后48小时内死亡。临床症状包括感觉过敏、共济失调、肌肉震颤以及侧卧时的划水动作。通过给一头公牛灌服相关叶子也出现了类似症状。对投喂硬皮榕变种硬皮榕的绵羊、在第二起事件中死亡的两头牛以及灌服心叶榕亚种柳叶榕的公牛进行了尸检。光学显微镜检查始终显示中枢神经系统水肿。在公牛中，大脑和脊髓的局部区域明显出现局灶性脱髓鞘。肝脏病变从轻度变性到肝细胞局灶性弥漫性坏死不等。
