Li Li-Qing, Lü Shu-Cong, Zhu Ren-Xiao, Liu Ze-Quan, Shan Bao-Qing
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2012 Nov;33(11):3760-7.
Stormwater runoff samples were collected from two impervious roof and road of the new development area in Beijing, during three rainfall events in an attempt to characterize the urban runoff and determine nitrogen and phosphorus composition. The outcomes are expected to offer the practical guidance in sources control of urban runoff pollution. The results indicated that the stormwater runoff from the studied area presented a strong first flush for all monitored events and constituents. Eighty percent of the total pollutant loads were transported by the first 10 mm flow volume for roof runoff, whereas 80% of the total pollutant loads were discharged by the first 15 mm flow volume for road runoff. Average EMCs of TSS, COD, TN, NH4(+) -N, NO3(-) -N and TP for roof runoff were 50.2 mg x L(-1), 81.7 mg x L(-1), 6.07 mg x L(-1), 2.94 mg x L(-1), 1.05 mg x L(-1), and 0.11 mg x L(-1), respectively. Average EMCs of TSS, COD, TN, NH4(+) -N, NO3(-)-N and TP for road runoff were 539.0 mg x L(-1), 276.4 mg x L(-1), 7.00 mg x L(-1), 1.71 mg x L(-1), 1.51 mg x L(-1), and 0.61 mg x L(-1), respectively. Moreover, for the roof runoff, the particle-bound fraction was 20.8% for COD, 12.3% for TN, and 49.7% for TP. For road runoff, the particle-bound fraction was 68.6% for COD, 20.0% for TN, and 73.6% for TP. Nitrogen in roof runoff was predominantly dissolved (87.7%), with ammonia (57.6%) and nitrate (22.5%). Nitrogen in road runoff was also predominantly dissolved (80.0%), with ammonia (42.1%) and nitrate (35.0%). These findings can assist the development of effective source control strategies to immobilize dissolved and particulate-bound nitrogen/phosphorus in urban stormwater.
在北京新建开发区的两个不透水屋顶和道路上收集了雨水径流样本，在三场降雨事件期间，旨在表征城市径流并确定氮和磷的组成。预期这些结果将为城市径流污染的源头控制提供实际指导。结果表明，研究区域的雨水径流对所有监测事件和成分都呈现出强烈的初期冲刷效应。屋顶径流中80%的总污染物负荷由前10毫米径流量输送，而道路径流中80%的总污染物负荷由前15毫米径流量排出。屋顶径流中总悬浮固体（TSS）、化学需氧量（COD）、总氮（TN）、铵态氮（NH₄⁺-N）、硝态氮（NO₃⁻-N）和总磷（TP）的平均排放浓度（EMC）分别为50.2毫克/升、81.7毫克/升、6.07毫克/升、2.94毫克/升、1.05毫克/升和0.11毫克/升。道路径流中TSS、COD、TN、NH₄⁺-N、NO₃⁻-N和TP的平均EMC分别为539.0毫克/升、276.4毫克/升、7.00毫克/升、1.71毫克/升、1.51毫克/升和0.61毫克/升。此外，对于屋顶径流，颗粒态COD占比为20.8%，颗粒态TN占比为12.3%，颗粒态TP占比为49.7%。对于道路径流，颗粒态COD占比为68.6%，颗粒态TN占比为20.0%，颗粒态TP占比为73.6%。屋顶径流中的氮主要以溶解态存在（87.7%），其中氨态氮占57.6%，硝态氮占22.5%。道路径流中的氮也主要以溶解态存在（80.0%），其中氨态氮占42.1%，硝态氮占35.0%。这些发现有助于制定有效的源头控制策略，以固定城市雨水中溶解态和颗粒态结合的氮/磷。
