Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2013 Feb;33(2):201-5. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300137.
The complexity of posttranscriptional regulation by noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) is still not completely understood. A large fraction of the genome is under the control of miRs via (partial) complementary base pairing within the corresponding mRNA region. Myocardial infarction is characterized by strongly altered gene expression, deregulation of underlying signaling pathways, and crucial participation of several miRs in this context. Mechanistically, miR induction or repression after myocardial infarction triggers downstream events in a cell-type-specific manner, and interference with endogenous miR expression might regulate overall cardiac function. In this brief review, we (1) summarize the current knowledge about the importance of several miRs after myocardial infarction, (2) report about novel miR-based therapeutic approaches to counteract maladaptive remodeling upon cardiac ischemia, and (3) discuss briefly the use of miRs as biomarkers for cardiac ischemia.
非编码 microRNAs（miRNAs，miRs）的转录后调控的复杂性尚不完全清楚。基因组的很大一部分通过相应的 mRNA 区域内的（部分）互补碱基配对受到 miRs 的控制。心肌梗死的特征是基因表达强烈改变、潜在信号通路失调，以及几种 miRs 在这种情况下的关键参与。从机制上讲，心肌梗死后 miR 的诱导或抑制以细胞类型特异性的方式触发下游事件，并且干扰内源性 miR 表达可能调节整体心脏功能。在这篇简短的综述中，我们（1）总结了目前关于心肌梗死后几种 miRs 的重要性的知识，（2）报告了一些新的基于 miR 的治疗方法，以对抗心脏缺血后的适应性重构，（3）简要讨论了 miRs 作为心脏缺血生物标志物的用途。
