Kulka Tamar Ringel, Jensen Elizabeth, McLaurin Sue, Woods Elizabeth, Kotch Jonathan, Labbok Miriam, Bowling Mike, Dardess Pamela, Baker Sharon
Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Infant Child Adolesc Nutr. 2011 Aug;3(4):233-239. doi: 10.1177/1941406411413918.
Lack of support for breastfeeding mothers has been consistently identified in the literature as a barrier for breastfeeding across racial and ethnic groups. Using a community-based participatory approach, academic and community-based partners conducted an iterative process to assess barriers, facilitators and potential mediating interventions for breastfeeding in the African-American community in Durham, North Carolina. METHODS: Eight focus groups were conducted with African-American mothers, fathers and grandmothers. Researchers transcribed and coded each focus group and analyzed using Atlas ti. 5.2. Patterns and themes that emerged informed the development of community stakeholder interviews; 41 interviews were conducted with community representatives. These findings informed the development of a support group pilot intervention. The pilot support groups were evaluated for increase in knowledge of attendees. RESULTS: Focus group and community interviews indicate that African Americans may disproportionately experience inadequate support for breastfeeding. This lack of support was reported in the home, the workplace, among peers, and from healthcare providers. The pilot support groups resulted in increased knowledge of breastfeeding among group participants OR=3.6 (95% CI: 2.5, 5.2). CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this research underscore the importance of a multi-level approach to breastfeeding support for African American women to address breastfeeding disparities.
文献中一直认为，缺乏对母乳喂养母亲的支持是不同种族和族裔群体母乳喂养的障碍。学术机构与社区合作伙伴采用基于社区的参与式方法，开展了一个迭代过程，以评估北卡罗来纳州达勒姆非裔美国人社区母乳喂养的障碍、促进因素和潜在的调解干预措施。方法：与非裔美国母亲、父亲和祖母进行了8个焦点小组访谈。研究人员对每个焦点小组进行转录和编码，并使用Atlas ti. 5.2进行分析。出现的模式和主题为社区利益相关者访谈的开展提供了依据；与社区代表进行了41次访谈。这些结果为支持小组试点干预措施的制定提供了依据。对试点支持小组进行评估，以了解参与者知识的增加情况。结果：焦点小组和社区访谈表明，非裔美国人在母乳喂养方面可能尤其缺乏足够的支持。家庭、工作场所、同龄人以及医疗服务提供者都存在这种支持不足的情况。试点支持小组使小组参与者对母乳喂养的知识有所增加，比值比为3.6（95%置信区间：2.5，5.2）。结论：本研究结果强调了采取多层次方法为非裔美国女性提供母乳喂养支持以解决母乳喂养差异问题的重要性。
