Gray R E, Doan B D
Department of Psychology, Sunnybrook Medical Centre, North York, Ontario, Canada.
J Palliat Care. 1990 Spring;6(1):32-41.
Increasingly over the last few decades, persons with cancer are being cured or surviving longer. As a result, the popular press has given more attention to the possibilities for "beating" cancer. The role of personal control in overcoming cancer has been promoted via a heroic formula that includes positive thinking, healing imagery, and personal growth. Empirical support for a psychospiritual influence on cancer illness is tenuous. Nevertheless, the psychological implications of belief in such influence are important in their own right. In this paper, the positive and negative consequences for patients of popular conceptions of the heroic cancer survivor are explored. Clinical and ethical issues related to the health professional's responses to patients' belief in heroic self-healing are discussed, and a rationale is presented for adopting a non-judgmental, person-centered approach.
在过去几十年里，患癌者被治愈或存活时间延长的情况越来越多。因此，大众媒体更多地关注“战胜”癌症的可能性。个人控制在战胜癌症中的作用通过一种英雄式的模式得到宣扬，这种模式包括积极思考、治愈想象和个人成长。关于心理精神因素对癌症病情影响的实证支持很薄弱。然而，相信这种影响所带来的心理影响本身却很重要。本文探讨了大众对英勇的癌症幸存者观念给患者带来的正负两方面后果。讨论了与健康专业人员应对患者对英勇自愈的信念相关的临床和伦理问题，并提出了采用非评判性、以患者为中心方法的理由。
