Politi-Elishkevich Keren, Kivity Sara, Shuper Avinoam, Levine Hagit, Goldberg-Stern Hadassa
1Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqwa, Israel.
J Child Neurol. 2014 Mar;29(3):307-11. doi: 10.1177/0883073812473366. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
Idiopathic photosensitive occipital lobe epilepsy is a reflex, age- and localization-related syndrome. We describe the clinical and electroencephalographic features, therapy, and outcome of 16 children/adolescents with this syndrome. The cohort included 2 sets of siblings and 7 patients with other first- or second-degree relatives with a seizure history. All patients had occipital onset seizures and 15 had secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Seizure frequency was relatively low in all patients but one. Myoclonic seizures later developed in 2 patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Eight patients achieved full seizure control with monotherapy, and 5 required a second drug; 3 patients had rare seizures and were not treated with antiepileptics. Seven patients required special education or developmental assistance. This interesting syndrome sheds light on the pathophysiology and genetic etiology of common phenomena such as photosensitivity and headache. Further large prospective studies are required to better define this unique syndrome and its implications.
特发性光敏性枕叶癫痫是一种与反射、年龄和定位相关的综合征。我们描述了16例患有该综合征的儿童/青少年的临床和脑电图特征、治疗方法及预后情况。该队列包括2组兄弟姐妹以及7例有癫痫发作史的一级或二级亲属的患者。所有患者均有枕叶起始的发作，15例有继发全面性强直阵挛发作。除1例患者外，所有患者的发作频率相对较低。2例青少年肌阵挛癫痫患者后来出现了肌阵挛发作。8例患者通过单一疗法实现了完全控制发作，5例需要第二种药物；3例患者发作罕见，未接受抗癫痫药物治疗。7例患者需要特殊教育或发育援助。这种有趣的综合征为光敏性和头痛等常见现象的病理生理学和遗传病因提供了线索。需要进一步进行大型前瞻性研究，以更好地界定这种独特的综合征及其影响。
