Jaunzeme J, Eberhard S, Geyer S
Medizinische Soziologie OE 5420, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2013 Mar;56(3):447-54. doi: 10.1007/s00103-012-1626-9.
Using data obtained from a statutory health insurance (AOK) in the federal state of Lower Saxony, this study examined whether there were differences between the insured population compared with that of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen) and of Germany with respect to social structural characteristics. Data for the comparisons were provided by the statistical office of Germany, and all datasets were coded according to the same criteria. The differences in gender distribution and age distribution between the AOK, Lower Saxony, and Germany were small. The share of employed individuals among the insured compared with those of Lower Saxony and Germany did not differ for males, but it was lower in women. In the insured population a higher proportion of individuals had lower qualification levels than in Lower Saxony or in Germany; the number of individuals with higher qualifications was, however, sufficient to permit statistical analyses. There were differences in the distributions of social structural characteristics between the health insurance population on the one hand and the populations of Lower Saxony and of Germany on the other. Due to the high number of cases, it is nevertheless possible to analyze associations between social structural variables, health impairments, and patterns of health care utilization.
本研究利用从下萨克森州法定医疗保险（AOK）获取的数据，考察了参保人群与下萨克森州及德国人群在社会结构特征方面是否存在差异。用于比较的数据由德国统计局提供，所有数据集均按照相同标准进行编码。AOK、下萨克森州和德国之间在性别分布和年龄分布上的差异较小。参保男性中就业个体的比例与下萨克森州及德国男性相比无差异，但参保女性中就业个体的比例低于下萨克森州及德国女性。参保人群中低学历个体的比例高于下萨克森州或德国；然而，高学历个体的数量足以进行统计分析。一方面，医疗保险人群与另一方面下萨克森州及德国人群在社会结构特征分布上存在差异。不过，由于病例数量众多，仍有可能分析社会结构变量、健康损害和医疗保健利用模式之间的关联。
