García García Emilio, Vázquez López María-Ángeles, Galera Martínez Rafael, Alias Irene, Martín González Manuel, Bonillo Perales Antonio, Cabrera Sevilla José Eugenio, García Escobar Icíar, Gómez Bueno Sara, López Ruzafa Encarnación, Muñoz Vico Francisco-Javier, Oliva Pérez Patricia, Ortiz Pérez María, Poveda González Juan, Rodríguez Lucenilla Marisa, Rodríguez Sánchez Firma-Isabel, Ruiz Sánchez Ana, Ruiz Tudela Lucía, Sáez María I, Salvador Jorge, Torrico Sara
Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain.
Endocrinol Nutr. 2013 Mar;60(3):121-6. doi: 10.1016/j.endonu.2012.09.014. Epub 2013 Jan 19.
To estimate the prevalence of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents in our city and to investigate the associated factors.
A cross-sectional study of 1317 children and adolescents aged 2-16 years. Multistage probability sampling was used to select three groups of subjects: 411 aged 12 to 16 years, 504 aged 6 to 12 years, and 402 aged 2 to 6 years. Body mass index was calculated, and obesity and overweight were diagnosed using the threshold levels of the International Obesity Task Force for children and adolescents. Parents were asked about eating habits, health, social, and demographic aspects. Results are given as percentages (95% confidence interval). The relationship between obesity and overweight and the different variables was studied using multiple logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) was calculated.
Among children and adolescents aged 2-16 years, 9.5% (8.0%-11.0%) were obese and 22.4% (23.3%-24.6%) were overweight. Of subjects aged 12-16 years, 8.5% (5.9%-11.2%) were obese and 20.5% (16.7%-24.3%) were overweight. In the groups aged 6-12 years and 2-6 years, rates of obesity and overweight were 11.6% (8.9% -14.3%) and 31.0% (27.0-35.0) and 8.0% (5.4%-10.6%) and 13.6% (10.3%-16.9%) respectively. Obesity or overweight was associated to age (OR 1.21; P<0.001), maternal obesity (OR 10.99; P= 0.008), a birthweight higher than 4kg (OR 2.91; p 0.002), and formula feeding (OR 1.82; P= 0.005).
Obesity and overweight in children and adolescents are highly prevalent problems in our city.
评估我市儿童及青少年肥胖和超重的患病率，并调查相关因素。
对1317名2至16岁儿童及青少年进行横断面研究。采用多阶段概率抽样选取三组对象：411名12至16岁者、504名6至12岁者以及402名2至6岁者。计算体重指数，并依据国际肥胖问题工作组针对儿童及青少年的阈值标准诊断肥胖和超重情况。向家长询问饮食习惯、健康状况、社会及人口统计学方面的信息。结果以百分比（95%置信区间）呈现。运用多元逻辑回归研究肥胖和超重与不同变量之间的关系，并计算调整后的比值比（OR）。
在2至16岁的儿童及青少年中，9.5%（8.0% - 11.0%）为肥胖，22.4%（23.3% - 24.6%）为超重。在12至16岁的对象中，8.5%（5.9% - 11.2%）为肥胖，20.5%（16.7% - 24.3%）为超重。在6至12岁组和2至6岁组中，肥胖率和超重率分别为11.6%（8.9% - 14.3%）和31.0%（27.0 - 35.0），以及8.0%（5.4% - 10.6%）和13.6%（10.3% - 16.9%）。肥胖或超重与年龄（OR 1.21；P < 0.001）、母亲肥胖（OR 10.99；P = 0.008）、出生体重高于4千克（OR 2.91；P = 0.002）以及配方奶喂养（OR 1.82；P = 0.005）相关。
儿童及青少年肥胖和超重是我市普遍存在的严重问题。
