State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Waste Manag. 2013 Apr;33(4):923-34. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.11.011. Epub 2013 Jan 20.
If we consider Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) management, we can see the development of different positions in developed and developing countries. This development started with the movement of WEEE from developed countries to the developing countries. However, when the consequences for health and the environment were observed, some developing countries introduced a ban on the import of this kind of waste under the umbrella of the Basel Convention, while some developed countries have been considering a regional or global WEEE recycling approach. This paper explores the current movements between Source and Destination countries, or the importers and exporters, and examines whether it is legal and why illegal traffic is still rife; how global initiatives could support a global WEEE management scheme; the recycling characteristics of the source an destination countries and also to ascertain whether the principle of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) has been established between the different stakeholders involved in WEEE management. Ultimately, the Full Extended Producer Responsibility is presented as a possible solution because the compensation of the environmental capacity for WEEE recycling or treatment could be made by the contribution of extra responsibility; and also generating an uniform standard for processing WEEE in an environmentally sound manner could support the regional or international solution of WEEE and also improve the performance of the informal sector.
如果我们考虑废弃电气电子设备(WEEE)管理,可以看到发达国家和发展中国家的不同职位的发展。这种发展始于从发达国家向发展中国家转移 WEEE。然而,当观察到对健康和环境的后果时,一些发展中国家在《巴塞尔公约》的保护伞下,禁止这种废物的进口,而一些发达国家一直在考虑采取区域或全球 WEEE 回收方法。本文探讨了当前来源国和目的地国之间的流动,或者说进口国和出口国之间的流动,并研究了这是否合法,以及为什么非法贸易仍然猖獗;全球倡议如何支持全球 WEEE 管理计划;来源国和目的地国的回收特点,以及确定在参与 WEEE 管理的不同利益相关者之间是否确立了延伸生产者责任(EPR)原则。最终,提出了完全延伸生产者责任作为一种可能的解决方案,因为可以通过额外责任的贡献来补偿 WEEE 回收或处理的环境能力;并且还可以制定一个统一的标准,以环境友好的方式处理 WEEE,从而支持 WEEE 的区域或国际解决方案,并提高非正规部门的绩效。