REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 May;55:222-8. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.12.058. Epub 2013 Jan 20.
This study evaluates the influence of cooking and handling conditions on the quantity of furanic compounds (furan, 2-furfural, furfuryl alcohol, 2-pentylfuran, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural) in breaded fish products. Oven-baking and reheating in the microwave lead to low furanic compounds formation in comparison with deep-frying. The use of olive oil for deep-frying promoted higher levels of furanic compounds than sunflower oil. The amounts of these compounds diminished as the temperature and time of deep-frying decreased as well as after a delay after deep-frying. Thus, the generation of furanic compounds can be minimized by adjusting the cooking method and conditions, such as using an electric oven, deep-frying in sunflower oil at 160°C during 4min, or waiting 10min after cooking. However, these conditions that reduce furanic compounds levels also reduce the content of volatile compounds related to the aroma and flavour of fried foods. In this sense, new efforts should be done to reduce the formation of furanic compounds without being detrimental to the volatile profile.
本研究评估了烹饪和处理条件对面包鱼制品中呋喃化合物(糠醛、2-糠醛、糠醇、2-戊基呋喃、5-羟甲基糠醛)含量的影响。与油炸相比,烤箱烘烤和微波加热导致呋喃化合物的形成量较低。使用橄榄油进行油炸会比使用葵花籽油产生更高水平的呋喃化合物。这些化合物的含量随着油炸温度和时间的降低以及油炸后延迟时间的延长而减少。因此,通过调整烹饪方法和条件(如使用电烤箱、在 160°C 的葵花油中油炸 4 分钟,或在烹饪后等待 10 分钟)可以最大限度地减少呋喃化合物的生成。然而,这些降低呋喃化合物水平的条件也会降低与油炸食品香气和风味相关的挥发性化合物的含量。在这方面,应该做出新的努力来减少呋喃化合物的形成,而不会对挥发性成分产生不利影响。