小学工作人员对儿童肥胖的看法：普遍性和促进因素。
Elementary school personnel's perceptions on childhood obesity: pervasiveness and facilitating factors.
机构信息
Texas A&M University, 4243 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
出版信息
J Sch Health. 2013 Mar;83(3):206-12. doi: 10.1111/josh.12016.
BACKGROUND
Researchers in numerous disciplines have investigated the effects of the school environment on childhood obesity (CHO), one of the greatest current health concerns in the United States. There is a gap in current empirical evidence, however, on school personnel's perspectives of this issue. This study examined school personnel's perceptions of obesity as a problem among school-aged children and their views on factors contributing to obesity.
METHODS
Thirty-one semistructured interviews were conducted with elementary school personnel (teachers, administrators, and support staff) from 5 rural schools with a predominantly Hispanic (58.18%) and Black (30.24%) student population. The constant comparison method was used to identify emergent themes.
RESULTS
All but one participant considered obesity to be a problem among elementary children. Factors facilitating obesity most frequently cited by school personnel were home environment, poor nutrition, child control of dietary choices, child inactivity, and entertainment electronics.
CONCLUSIONS
Child control of dietary choices in both home and school environments was identified as a major contributor to obesity. Further exploration of this control is warranted to understand the complexity of this dynamic and its potential link to CHO.
背景
许多学科的研究人员都研究了学校环境对儿童肥胖（CHO）的影响，这是美国目前最严重的健康问题之一。然而，目前实证证据在学校人员对这一问题的看法上存在差距。本研究调查了学校人员对学龄儿童肥胖问题的看法，以及他们对导致肥胖的因素的看法。
方法
对来自 5 所农村学校的 31 名小学人员（教师、管理人员和支持人员）进行了半结构化访谈，这些学校的学生主要是西班牙裔（58.18%）和黑人（30.24%）。采用恒比法识别出了新出现的主题。
结果
除了一名参与者外，所有人都认为肥胖是小学儿童的一个问题。学校人员最常提到的导致肥胖的因素是家庭环境、不良的营养、儿童对饮食选择的控制、儿童不活动和娱乐电子产品。
结论
儿童对家庭和学校环境中饮食选择的控制被认为是肥胖的一个主要原因。需要进一步探索这种控制，以了解这种动态的复杂性及其与 CHO 的潜在联系。
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