Jørum Ellen, Warncke Torhild, Ørstavik Kristin
Nevrologisk avdeling, Klinisk nevrofysiologisk seksjon, Oslo Universitetssykehus, Rikshospitalet, Norway.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2013 Jan 22;133(2):179-83. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.0160.
Small-fibre neuropathy is a neuropathy that mainly affects the small nerve fibres. Owing to doctors' inadequate knowledge of the condition and limited diagnostic methods, this type of neuropathy is probably under-diagnosed. Small-fibre neuropathy has many causes, but the symptoms are often relatively similar. This review article is intended to give doctors insight into the clinical expressions and diagnosis of the condition.
The article is based on literature searches in PubMed and the authors' clinical and scientific experience of the subject.
Small-fibre neuropathy generates a characteristic distribution of symptoms, particularly pain, and is associated with a number of common illnesses. Specific tests for small fibre neuropathy, such as skin biopsy and thermal testing, can be used to confirm the diagnosis. The treatment targets the symptoms, but complete pain relief is often difficult to achieve.
The clinical neurological examination will not generally be able to detect small-fibre neuropathy, but will contribute primarily to excluding a more general polyneuropathy. Supplementary tests are often necessary to make a final diagnosis.
小纤维神经病变是一种主要影响小神经纤维的神经病变。由于医生对该病认识不足且诊断方法有限，这类神经病变可能未得到充分诊断。小纤维神经病变病因众多，但症状往往较为相似。这篇综述文章旨在让医生深入了解该病的临床表现及诊断方法。
本文基于在PubMed上的文献检索以及作者对该主题的临床和科学经验撰写而成。
小纤维神经病变会产生特征性的症状分布，尤其是疼痛，且与多种常见疾病相关。小纤维神经病变的特异性检查，如皮肤活检和热测试，可用于确诊。治疗以缓解症状为目标，但通常难以完全消除疼痛。
临床神经学检查一般无法检测出小纤维神经病变，但主要有助于排除更常见的多发性神经病变。通常需要进行补充检查才能做出最终诊断。
