Sharma D, Hamlet S, Petcu E, Ivanovski S
School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia.
Oral Dis. 2013 Nov;19(8):747-54. doi: 10.1111/odi.12067. Epub 2013 Jan 25.
The prolonged use of bisphosphonates has been shown to cause a condition termed 'bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws' (BRONJ). BRONJ is a disease entity which has only been described relatively recently, and its multi-factorial aetiology is yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the treatment of BRONJ lesions remains a challenge, and animal models are necessary to assist researchers in better understanding the disease. This has led to the recent publication of a number of studies utilising a variety of animal models of BRONJ. This review outlines the factors to be considered when selecting an animal model for BRONJ and discusses the current literature in this rapidly progressing field of research. It is important to consider the applicability of a given model to the clinical condition presenting in humans, and to this end, thorough characterisation of the clinical, histological, radiographic and systemic features is necessary. The development of a clinical lesion is an important consideration in terms of choosing a relevant model, and it appears clear that surgical manipulation, generally involving tooth extraction, is necessary for successful induction of the classic 'clinical' lesion of BRONJ.
长期使用双膦酸盐已被证明会导致一种名为“双膦酸盐相关颌骨坏死”（BRONJ）的病症。BRONJ是一种直到最近才被描述的疾病实体，其多因素病因尚未完全阐明。因此，BRONJ病变的治疗仍然是一项挑战，动物模型对于帮助研究人员更好地理解该疾病是必要的。这导致最近发表了一些利用多种BRONJ动物模型的研究。这篇综述概述了选择BRONJ动物模型时要考虑的因素，并讨论了这个快速发展的研究领域的当前文献。考虑给定模型对人类临床情况的适用性很重要，为此，对临床、组织学、影像学和全身特征进行全面表征是必要的。就选择相关模型而言，临床病变的发展是一个重要考虑因素，而且显然，通常涉及拔牙的手术操作对于成功诱导BRONJ的典型“临床”病变是必要的。
