State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2013 Apr 21;42(8):3394-426. doi: 10.1039/c2cs35453e.
Functional polymer brushes have been utilized extensively for the immobilization of biomolecules, which is of crucial importance for the development of biosensors and biotechnology. Recent progress in polymerization methods, in particular surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), has provided a unique means for the design and synthesis of new biomolecule-functionalized polymer brushes. This current review summarizes such recent research activities. The different preparation strategies for biomolecule immobilization through polymer brush spacers are described in detail. The functional groups of the polymer brushes used for biomolecule immobilization include epoxide, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, aldehyde, and amine groups. The recent research activities indicate that functional polymer brushes become versatile and powerful spacers for immobilization of various biomolecules to maximize their functionalities. This review also demonstrates that surface-initiated ATRP is used more frequently than other polymerization methods in the designs of new biomolecule-functionalized polymer brushes.
功能高分子刷已广泛用于生物分子的固定化，这对生物传感器和生物技术的发展至关重要。聚合方法，特别是表面引发原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）的最新进展，为新型生物分子功能化聚合物刷的设计和合成提供了独特的手段。本综述总结了这些最新的研究进展。详细描述了通过聚合物刷间隔基固定生物分子的不同制备策略。用于生物分子固定化的聚合物刷的功能基团包括环氧化物、羧酸、羟基、醛基和氨基。最近的研究活动表明，功能高分子刷作为固定各种生物分子的多功能和强大间隔基，可以最大限度地发挥它们的功能。本综述还表明，在新型生物分子功能化聚合物刷的设计中，表面引发 ATRP 比其他聚合方法更常用。
