Department of Oral Pathology, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's College and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, England.
Clin Anat. 2013 Sep;26(6):693-9. doi: 10.1002/ca.22212. Epub 2013 Jan 27.
The mylohyoid hiatus and hernia were discovered in the nineteenth century and were considered to explain the origin of the plunging ranula from the sublingual gland. This formed the rationale for sublingual sialadenectomy for the treatment of plunging ranula. However, a more recent, extensive histological investigation reported that hernias contained submandibular gland, which supported an origin of the plunging ranula from the submandibular gland and submandibular sialadenectomy for the treatment of plunging ranula. We therefore decided to investigate the occurrence and location of the hiatus and the histological nature of the hernia. Twenty-three adult cadavers were dissected in the submandibular region. The locations and dimensions of mylohyoid hiatuses were measured before taking biopsies of hernias. Hiatuses with associated hernias were found in ten cadavers: unilateral in six; and bilateral in four, in one of which there were three hiatuses. Sublingual gland was identified in nine hernias and fat without gland in six. This investigation supports clinical and experimental evidence that the plunging ranula originates from the sublingual gland and may enter the neck through the mylohyoid muscle. It confirms the rationale of sublingual sialadenectomy for the treatment of plunging ranula.
颏舌肌裂和疝在 19 世纪被发现，被认为可以解释舌下腺来源的潜突性舌下囊肿的起源。这为治疗潜突性舌下囊肿的舌下唾液腺切除术提供了理论依据。然而，最近一项广泛的组织学研究报告称，疝中包含颌下腺，这支持了潜突性舌下囊肿来自颌下腺的观点，以及颌下唾液腺切除术治疗潜突性舌下囊肿。因此，我们决定研究颏舌肌裂的发生和位置以及疝的组织学性质。对 23 具成人尸体的下颌下区域进行解剖。在对疝进行活检之前，测量颏舌肌裂的位置和尺寸。在 10 具尸体中发现了带有疝的颏舌肌裂：单侧 6 例，双侧 4 例，其中 1 例有 3 个颏舌肌裂。9 个疝中发现了舌下腺，6 个疝中发现了脂肪而没有腺体。这项研究支持了临床和实验证据，即潜突性舌下囊肿起源于舌下腺，可能通过颏舌肌进入颈部。它证实了治疗潜突性舌下囊肿的舌下唾液腺切除术的合理性。
