Hopkins William D, Gardner Molly, Mingle Morgan, Reamer Lisa, Schapiro Steven J
Division of Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center.
J Comp Psychol. 2013 Nov;127(4):380-91. doi: 10.1037/a0031071. Epub 2013 Jan 28.
There remain considerable questions regarding the evidence for population-level handedness in nonhuman primates when compared with humans. One challenge in comparing human and nonhuman primate handedness involves the procedures used to characterize individual handedness. Studies of human handedness use consistency in hand use within and between tasks as a basis for hand preference classification. In contrast, studies of handedness in nonhuman primates use statistical criteria for classifying handedness. In this study, we examined within- and between-task consistency in hand use as a means of characterizing individual handedness in a sample of 300 captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Chimpanzees showed population-level right-handedness for both within- and between-tasks consistency, though the proportion of right-handed chimpanzees was lower than what has typically been reported for humans. We further found that there were small, but significant, associations in hand use between measures. There were no significant sex or colony effects on the distribution of handedness. The results are discussed in the context of theories on the evolution of handedness in nonhuman primates.
与人类相比，非人类灵长类动物在群体水平上的用手习惯证据仍存在相当多的问题。比较人类和非人类灵长类动物用手习惯的一个挑战涉及用于表征个体用手习惯的程序。人类用手习惯的研究将任务内和任务间手部使用的一致性作为手偏好分类的基础。相比之下，非人类灵长类动物用手习惯的研究使用统计标准来分类用手习惯。在本研究中，我们检查了手部使用在任务内和任务间的一致性，以此作为表征300只圈养黑猩猩（黑猩猩属）样本中个体用手习惯的一种方法。黑猩猩在任务内和任务间的一致性上都表现出群体水平的右利手，尽管右利手黑猩猩的比例低于通常报道的人类比例。我们进一步发现，测量之间的手部使用存在小但显著的关联。用手习惯的分布没有显著的性别或群体效应。结果将在非人类灵长类动物用手习惯进化理论的背景下进行讨论。
