Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.
Respirology. 2013 May;18(4):682-7. doi: 10.1111/resp.12061.
It is unknown whether wheezy children have bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) or which lung function parameters are correlated with BHR in children. We evaluated the relationship between BHR parameters and the lung functions by minimizing the effects of age and height in asthmatic, non-asthmatic wheezers and healthy children.
The subjects comprised of 154 children aged 5 and 6 years (78 males, 76 females), who were divided into three groups: asthmatics, non-asthmatic wheezers and healthy controls. Spirometry and a methacholine inhalation challenge by the oscillation method were performed.
The age of the study cohort was 5.9 ± 0.2 years (mean ± standard deviation), and the height was 114.4 ± 5.3 cm. No significant differences in height, weight, body mass index or lung function were observed in the three groups. The minimal dose of methacholine to start bronchoconstriction, a parameter of bronchial sensitivity, was lower in asthmatics and non-asthmatic wheezers than that in controls. The speed of bronchoconstriction in response to methacholine, a parameter of bronchial reactivity, was strongly correlated with baseline respiratory resistance (Rrs cont) in all three groups.
Our data suggest that it not possible to distinguish preschool children with asthma from non-asthmatic wheezers based on their bronchial sensitivity and that the baseline Rrs has a strong effect on the bronchial reactivity in children.
尚不清楚喘鸣儿童是否存在支气管高反应性（BHR），以及哪些肺功能参数与儿童的 BHR 相关。我们通过最小化哮喘、非哮喘性喘鸣和健康儿童的年龄和身高的影响，评估了 BHR 参数与肺功能之间的关系。
研究对象包括 154 名 5 至 6 岁的儿童（78 名男性，76 名女性），他们分为三组：哮喘组、非哮喘性喘鸣组和健康对照组。进行了肺量测定和通过振荡法进行的乙酰甲胆碱吸入挑战。
研究队列的年龄为 5.9±0.2 岁（平均值±标准差），身高为 114.4±5.3cm。三组在身高、体重、体重指数或肺功能方面无显著差异。哮喘组和非哮喘性喘鸣组的支气管敏感性参数——起始支气管收缩的最小乙酰甲胆碱剂量均低于对照组。三组中，对乙酰甲胆碱的支气管反应性参数——支气管收缩速度与基线呼吸阻力（Rrs cont）呈强相关。
我们的数据表明，根据支气管敏感性无法区分哮喘和非哮喘性喘鸣的学龄前儿童，并且基线 Rrs 对儿童的支气管反应性有很大影响。
