Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2013 Aug;64(5):611-20. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2013.763909. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
This study evaluated the phenols of the Gala, Fuji and Golden Delicious varieties, which make up 95% of Brazilian production. The phenolic profiles (whole fruit) were determined by high pressure liquid chromatography, total phenols were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau method and antioxidant capacity by the FRAP method (whole fruit, skin, pulp and centre). The Golden Delicious had the highest phenol content (408 mg/fruit) compared to Fuji (194 mg/fruit) and Gala (162 mg/fruit), and the antioxidant capacity of the Golden Delicious was 2.5 and 3.6 times higher than that found in the Fuji and Gala, respectively. The phenolic profile for the three varieties showed 5-caffeoylquinic acid, ( - )-epicatechin, procyanidin B2 and phloridzin as major components with procyanidins as the predominant class and quercetin as the minority. The consumption of apple pulp may provide 48-78% of the antioxidant capacity; however, if the peel is ingested, it may increase to 79-89%. The type of apple variety and the parts ingested are factors that must be taken into consideration in consumption.
本研究评估了 Gala、富士和金冠三个品种的酚类物质，这三个品种占巴西产量的 95%。使用高效液相色谱法确定了酚类物质（整个果实）的图谱，使用福林-考尔法测定了总酚含量，使用 FRAP 法（整个果实、果皮、果肉和果心）测定了抗氧化能力。与富士（194mg/fruit）和 Gala（162mg/fruit）相比，金冠的酚类物质含量最高（408mg/fruit），金冠的抗氧化能力分别比富士和 Gala 高 2.5 倍和 3.6 倍。三种品种的酚类物质图谱显示 5-咖啡酰奎宁酸、（-）-表儿茶素、原花青素 B2 和根皮苷为主要成分，原花青素为主要成分，槲皮素为次要成分。苹果果肉的消费可能提供 48-78%的抗氧化能力；然而，如果摄入果皮，它可能增加到 79-89%。苹果品种的类型和摄入的部分是消费中必须考虑的因素。
