Momeni Hasan, Shahnaseri Shirin, Hamzeheil Zeinab
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2011 Dec;8(Suppl 1):S84-7.
Dry socket is one of the most prevalent complications occurring after tooth extraction. The prevalence of such condition has been reported to be highly different, ranging from 0.5 to 68.4%. The etiology and pathogenesis of this entity are not clearly known and many related predisposing factors have been discussed. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relative prevalence of this entity after tooth extraction and determine the contributing factors in patient referring to Yazd dental clinics.
This cross-sectional prospective study was carried out at Yazd dental clinics (from May 2010 to Jun 2010). Four thousand seven hundred and seventy nine patients were selected and included in our study. Characteristics such as: age, gender, site of extraction, number of extracted tooth, trauma during extraction, oral hygiene, smoking, systemic disease, menstrual cycle, history of dental infection and oral contraceptive pill intake were determined and data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and Fisher's exact test. P value ≤0.05 was considered significant.
Over the two-month period of the study, among of 4,779 patients, 28 patients returned with dry socket phenomena. Our results showed that the incidence of dry socket was 0.6% and females were more common involved than males (0.08% versus 0.04%). The ratio of mandible to maxilla was 2.5 to1 and mandibular third molars were more often involved than other teeth. Trauma, poor oral hygiene and smoking had increased the incidence of dry socket.
The results of our study suggested that trauma during surgery or extraction and poor oral hygiene are important factors that increase the incidence of dry socket, these factors should be considered before and after tooth extractions.
干槽症是拔牙后最常见的并发症之一。据报道，这种病症的患病率差异很大，从0.5%到68.4%不等。该病症的病因和发病机制尚不清楚，许多相关的诱发因素已被讨论。本研究的目的是评估拔牙后该病症的相对患病率，并确定转诊至亚兹德牙科诊所的患者中的促成因素。
这项横断面前瞻性研究在亚兹德牙科诊所进行（2010年5月至2010年6月）。选取4779名患者纳入我们的研究。确定了诸如年龄、性别、拔牙部位、拔牙数量、拔牙时的创伤、口腔卫生、吸烟、全身疾病、月经周期、牙科感染史和口服避孕药摄入等特征，并使用描述性统计分析和费舍尔精确检验对数据进行分析。P值≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在为期两个月的研究期间，4779名患者中，有28名患者出现了干槽症现象。我们的结果显示，干槽症的发生率为0.6%，女性比男性更常受累（0.08%对0.04%）。下颌与上颌的比例为2.5比1，下颌第三磨牙比其他牙齿更常受累。创伤、口腔卫生差和吸烟增加了干槽症的发生率。
我们的研究结果表明，手术或拔牙时的创伤以及口腔卫生差是增加干槽症发生率的重要因素，在拔牙前后应考虑这些因素。
