Imayoshi Itaru
The Hakubi Center, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Shogoin-Kawahara 53, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2012 Nov;32(5-6):293-7.
Although mammalian neurogenesis is mostly completed by the perinatal period, new neurons are continuously generated throughout adulthood in the restricted regions of the brain. Newly generated neurons are incorporated into the neural networks of both the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the olfactory bulb, and there is growing evidence that adult neurogenesis is important for various brain functions. Continuous neurogenesis is achieved by the coordinated proliferation and differentiation of adult neural stem cells. In this review, we discuss the recent findings concerning the roles of Notch signaling and Hes-family genes in adult neural stem cells. We also discuss the recent findings about the integration mode of new neurons into the existing neural circuits and the potential significance of adult neurogenesis in higher brain functions, such as spatial and olfactory memory.
尽管哺乳动物的神经发生在围产期大多已经完成，但在成年期，新的神经元仍在大脑的特定区域持续生成。新生成的神经元会融入海马齿状回和嗅球的神经网络，并且越来越多的证据表明，成体神经发生对多种脑功能至关重要。成体神经干细胞的协调增殖和分化实现了持续的神经发生。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了关于Notch信号通路和Hes家族基因在成体神经干细胞中的作用的最新研究发现。我们还讨论了关于新神经元融入现有神经回路的整合模式以及成体神经发生在诸如空间和嗅觉记忆等高级脑功能中的潜在意义的最新研究发现。
