生物信息学、非编码 RNA 及其在个性化医学中的可能应用。

Bioinformatics, non-coding RNAs and its possible application in personalized medicine.

机构信息

Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013;774:21-37. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-5590-1_2.

Abstract

Non-coding RNAs are important actors in human biology. A massive amount of data has been created and manipulated, and important findings have been extracted thanks in part to bioinformatics approaches and consequent experimental validation; many of these results are for a specific class of non-coding RNAs, the microRNAs (miRNAs), that are important regulators of gene expression although their transcriptional regulation is not yet well understood. Their involvement in cancer development and progression makes the related research field an integrated one, composed of bioinformaticians, clinicians, statisticians and biologists, as well as informaticians and data miners that cure data manipulation and storage especially due to the output of the latest technologies, like the Next Generation Sequencers.In this chapter we report the main miRNA findings of the last 10 years in terms of identification and prediction techniques, data generation and manipulation methods, as well as possible use in clinical practice.

摘要

非编码 RNA 是人类生物学中的重要角色。由于生物信息学方法和随之而来的实验验证，已经产生和处理了大量的数据，并提取了重要的发现；其中许多结果是针对一类特定的非编码 RNA，即 microRNAs (miRNAs)，它们是基因表达的重要调节剂，尽管它们的转录调控尚未得到很好的理解。它们在癌症发展和进展中的作用使得相关研究领域成为一个综合领域，包括生物信息学家、临床医生、统计学家和生物学家，以及信息学家和数据挖掘者，他们特别负责数据处理和存储，尤其是由于最新技术（如下一代测序仪）的输出。在本章中，我们报告了过去 10 年在 miRNA 的鉴定和预测技术、数据生成和处理方法方面的主要发现，以及在临床实践中的可能应用。