Fried Ronna, Petty Carter, Faraone Stephen V, Hyder Laran L, Day Helen, Biederman Joseph
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
J Atten Disord. 2016 May;20(5):383-9. doi: 10.1177/1087054712473180. Epub 2013 Feb 4.
This study examined whether ADHD was an independent contributor to grade retention when adjusting for IQ, learning disorders, and social class.
Outcome data was from participants in studies at Massachusetts General Hospital (n= 404 ADHD,n= 349 controls) who underwent psychiatric interviews, socioeconomic status measures, and IQ testing.
28% of individuals with ADHD repeated a grade compared with 7% of controls (p< .001). Among participants with ADHD, social class, and IQ were significant predictors of high school dropout or repeated grade. An interaction effect of ADHD and gender was also found with females with ADHD having a higher risk ratio for repeated grade/dropout compared with males with ADHD.
Participants with ADHD were significantly more likely to repeat a grade, adjusting for all other variables indicating the critical importance of early identification of ADHD to help mitigate adverse educational outcomes.
本研究探讨了在调整智商、学习障碍和社会阶层因素后，注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是否是导致留级的独立因素。
结果数据来自麻省总医院研究中的参与者（404名ADHD患者，349名对照），这些参与者接受了精神科访谈、社会经济地位测量和智商测试。
28%的ADHD患者留级，而对照组为7%（p<0.001）。在患有ADHD的参与者中，社会阶层和智商是高中辍学或留级的重要预测因素。还发现了ADHD与性别的交互作用，患有ADHD的女性留级/辍学的风险比高于患有ADHD的男性。
在调整所有其他变量后，患有ADHD的参与者留级的可能性显著更高，这表明早期识别ADHD对于帮助减轻不良教育后果至关重要。
