School of Dentistry and Health Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Po Box 883, Leeds Parade, Orange, NSW, 2800, Australia.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2013 Feb 6;14:58. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-58.
To investigate the associations of aural symptoms, headache and depression with the presence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms in a young adult population in Japan.
A personal interview survey was conducted on first-year university students (n = 1,930) regarding symptoms of TMD, aural problems, headache, shoulder pain and depression. Logistic regression was applied to assess the associations of these problems with the presence of TMD symptoms after controlling for age and gender.
Among the 1,930 students, 543 students exhibited TMD symptoms and were classified into 7 groups: clicking only (Group I, n = 319), pain in the TMJ only (Group II, n = 21), difficulty in mouth opening only (Group III, n = 18), clicking and pain (Group IV, n = 29), clicking and difficulty in mouth opening (Group V, n = 48), difficulty in mouth opening and pain (Group VI, n = 11), and combination of three symptoms (Group VII, n = 97). The control group (n = 1,387) were subjects without any TMD symptoms. After adjusting for age and gender, a strong association was observed between TMD symptoms (Group II and IV) and tinnitus (OR = 12.1 and 13.2, respectively). TMD symptoms (Group I, II and III) were also associated with vertigo and headache. Otalgia and depression were significantly associated with the presence of clicking only.
TMD symptoms were significantly correlated to aural symptoms and headache. A functional evaluation of the stomatognathic system should be considered in subjects with unexplained aural symptoms and headache.
本研究旨在探讨日本年轻人群中耳部症状、头痛和抑郁与颞下颌关节紊乱（TMD）症状之间的相关性。
采用问卷调查的方式，对一年级大学生（n = 1930）进行 TMD 症状、耳部问题、头痛、肩部疼痛和抑郁等症状的调查。应用 logistic 回归分析评估上述问题与 TMD 症状之间的相关性，同时对年龄和性别进行校正。
在 1930 名学生中，有 543 名学生表现出 TMD 症状，分为 7 组：仅弹响（第 I 组，n = 319）、仅 TMJ 疼痛（第 II 组，n = 21）、仅张口困难（第 III 组，n = 18）、弹响伴疼痛（第 IV 组，n = 29）、弹响伴张口困难（第 V 组，n = 48）、张口困难伴疼痛（第 VI 组，n = 11）和三种症状并存（第 VII 组，n = 97）。对照组（n = 1387）为无任何 TMD 症状的学生。校正年龄和性别后，TMD 症状（第 II 组和第 IV 组）与耳鸣显著相关（OR = 12.1 和 13.2）。TMD 症状（第 I 组、第 II 组和第 III 组）与眩晕和头痛也有关联。耳痛和抑郁与仅弹响显著相关。
TMD 症状与耳部症状和头痛显著相关。对于不明原因的耳部症状和头痛患者，应考虑进行口腔颌面部功能评估。
