Armitage Nicole H, Smart Denise A
Air Force Institute of Technology, Civilian Institute Programs, AFROTC Detachment 905, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-3341, USA.
Mil Med. 2012 Dec;177(12):1519-23. doi: 10.7205/milmed-d-12-00248.
U.S. Air Force (USAF) personnel are required to take periodic fitness assessments with minimum requirements to earn satisfactory performance evaluations. Active duty women are exempt from fitness testing during pregnancy and until 6 months postpartum. Although there is evidence that many women do not achieve prepregnancy fitness levels by 6 months postpartum, no published studies were found that evaluated changes in fitness measurements and assessment pass rates in active duty USAF women after childbirth. The purpose of this study was to compare USAF fitness assessment component measurements and overall pass rates at 6 months postpartum to prepregnancy measurements. A paired t-test analysis of fitness component measurements of 107 active duty women showed significantly larger abdominal circumferences, fewer push-up repetitions, and longer run times at 6 months postpartum when compared to prepregnancy assessments. No significant difference was found in sit-up measurements. Secondly, there was a significantly lower pass rate at 6-months postpartum compared to the prepregnancy time frame. Results from this study indicate that women may struggle to achieve prepregnant fitness levels and pass their fitness test by 6 months postpartum. More research is needed to discover which factors impact women's ability to successfully meet fitness standards postpartum.
美国空军（USAF）人员需要定期进行体能评估，且有最低要求才能获得满意的绩效评估。现役女性在怀孕期间及产后6个月内可免予体能测试。尽管有证据表明许多女性在产后6个月时未恢复到孕前的体能水平，但未发现已发表的研究评估美国空军现役女性产后体能测量指标的变化及评估通过率。本研究的目的是比较美国空军女性产后6个月时的体能评估各组成部分测量值及总体通过率与孕前测量值。对107名现役女性的体能组成部分测量值进行配对t检验分析显示，与孕前评估相比，产后6个月时腹部周长显著增大、俯卧撑重复次数减少、跑步时间延长。仰卧起坐测量值未发现显著差异。其次，产后6个月时的通过率显著低于孕前阶段。本研究结果表明，女性在产后6个月时可能难以恢复到孕前的体能水平并通过体能测试。需要更多研究来发现哪些因素会影响女性产后成功达到体能标准的能力。
