Department of Infection Control and Hospital Hygiene, Stockholm County Council and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Am J Infect Control. 2013 Aug;41(8):723-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.10.009. Epub 2013 Feb 9.
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme that conveys resistance to most β-lactam antibiotics. Infections caused by bacteria producing ESBL are often difficult to treat because of general multiresistance, and hospital care may be necessary even for nonserious infections.
The aim of this study was to increase our understanding of how infected individuals perceive their situation as "carriers" of multiresistant bacteria. A modified version of grounded theory was used to analyze 7 open interviews.
The analysis resulted in the core category Being thrown into the scary and unknown without a map and compass. All informants thought they had received no or insufficient information about ESBL from the health care providers. Informants who had been given some information still had many unanswered thoughts and reflections. Health care staff were lacking in knowledge about ESBL and their own fears that led to the use of extreme hygiene measures, which increased the stigma for the patient.
To manage their life situation, it is important that persons diagnosed as carriers of ESBL-producing bacteria receive adequate information from the attending doctor.
超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）是一种能够赋予细菌对大多数β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药性的酶。由产生 ESBL 的细菌引起的感染通常难以治疗，因为这些细菌普遍具有多重耐药性，即使是非严重感染也可能需要住院治疗。
本研究旨在增进我们对感染个体如何将自身视为携带多重耐药菌的“携带者”的理解。采用修正后的扎根理论对 7 次开放式访谈进行了分析。
分析得出核心范畴为“在没有地图和指南针的情况下被抛入可怕和未知的境地”。所有受访者均认为他们从医护人员那里获得的有关 ESBL 的信息很少或根本没有。即使获得了一些信息的受访者仍然有很多未得到解答的想法和反思。医护人员对 ESBL 的了解不足，以及他们自身的恐惧导致了过度的卫生措施，这增加了患者的污名化。
为了管理他们的生活状况，被诊断为携带产 ESBL 细菌的人从主治医生那里获得足够的信息非常重要。
