Department of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.
Med Hypotheses. 2013 May;80(5):669-71. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.01.022. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
Metastasis is so complicated and well organized that there should be a good reason for it to happen. Here a hypothesis is proposed that metastasis of cancer cells is an abnormal form of migration of native stem/progenitor cells since cancer cells derive from stem/progenitor cells and may inherit stemness, including migration ability. This is an intrinsic potential and external cause mode. During metastasis, cancer cells are involved in the stem/progenitor cell recruitment to meet the need of organism for homeostasis, regeneration and repair, mediated by external signals and using inherent mechanisms but leading to catastrophic results. The "seed and soil" hypothesis can be redefined as that the "soil" is formed under certain circumstances and the "seed" is attracted to its particular "soil". Cancer cells in the microenviroment mimicking stem cell niche may have superiority in reactivity to metastatic signals. And very few of migrating cancer cells can form metastases. The conditions suitable for metastasis formation are still waiting to be revealed. The hypothesis tries to explain why cancer cells metastasize. It is hoped that the examination of this hypothesis may lead us to the real answer.
转移是如此复杂和精心组织的,它的发生应该有一个很好的理由。这里提出一个假设,即癌细胞的转移是原生干细胞/祖细胞异常迁移的一种形式,因为癌细胞来源于干细胞/祖细胞,并且可能继承了干性,包括迁移能力。这是一种内在的潜能和外部原因模式。在转移过程中,癌细胞参与招募干细胞/祖细胞,以满足机体对内稳定、再生和修复的需要,这是由外部信号介导的,并利用内在机制,但会导致灾难性的结果。“种子和土壤”假说可以重新定义为,“土壤”是在某些情况下形成的,而“种子”被吸引到其特定的“土壤”中。在模拟干细胞龛微环境中的癌细胞在对转移信号的反应上可能具有优势。而且,只有极少数迁移的癌细胞可以形成转移。适合转移形成的条件仍有待揭示。该假说试图解释为什么癌细胞会转移。希望对这一假说的检验能让我们找到真正的答案。