Imperial College Business School, London, UK.
Clin Transplant. 2013 May-Jun;27(3):359-67. doi: 10.1111/ctr.12096. Epub 2013 Feb 13.
The shortage of organs donated for transplantation is particularly severe among ethnic minorities. Previous work has often studied ethnic minorities in broad groups, failing to differentiate by age or country of education. We investigated the younger generation of UK-educated ethnically Indian and Pakistani students to determine their attitudes toward organ donation.
We conducted nine focus groups and eight semi-structured interviews. Participants were divided by ethnicity, gender, and medical/non-medical background. Interview transcripts were analyzed by thematic analysis.
Six key factors influencing attitudes toward organ donation were found: religion, awareness of the importance of donation, impact of medical education, culture-specific factors, treatment of donors and their organs, and influence of family. The attitude of Islam to donation was highly relevant to Pakistani participants, more than other factors; for Indians, all six factors were similarly relevant. We found that medical education specifically had an important effect on shaping attitudes toward donation. Cultural changes suggested the younger generation may differ from their elders as they adopt British culture. Awareness of donation was universally low.
Indian and Pakistani students are hesitant to donate organs because of multiple factors, which if addressed in a culturally relevant manner could substantially improve donation rates.
少数民族的器官捐献短缺问题尤为严重。以往的研究通常将少数民族作为一个整体进行研究，未能按年龄或教育国家进行区分。我们调查了在英国接受教育的年轻一代印度裔和巴基斯坦裔学生，以确定他们对器官捐献的态度。
我们进行了 9 个焦点小组和 8 个半结构化访谈。参与者按族裔、性别和医疗/非医疗背景进行分组。通过主题分析对访谈记录进行分析。
发现影响器官捐献态度的 6 个关键因素：宗教、对捐赠重要性的认识、医学教育的影响、特定文化因素、对供体及其器官的处理以及家庭的影响。伊斯兰教对捐赠的态度对巴基斯坦参与者的影响非常大，比其他因素更为重要；而对印度人来说，所有 6 个因素都同样重要。我们发现，医学教育对塑造对捐赠的态度具有重要影响。随着年轻一代接受英国文化，文化的变化表明他们可能与长辈不同。对捐赠的认识普遍较低。
由于多种因素，印度裔和巴基斯坦裔学生对捐献器官犹豫不决，如果以文化相关的方式解决这些因素，可能会大大提高捐献率。
