Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Percept Mot Skills. 2012 Dec;115(3):715-24. doi: 10.2466/22.24.27.PMS.115.6.715-724.
Despite numerous studies on the mere exposure effect, it is still not clear why it occurs. The present study examined whether a negative mood would enhance or inhibit the effects. Fifty-two participants (30 men, 22 women; M age = 20.5 yr.) were assigned to one of two mood-induction groups (negative and neutral), and were exposed to a photograph 20 times after the mood induction. Thereafter, a single-category Implicit Association Test was conducted to measure their implicit attitudes toward the photograph. There was a significant interaction, with exposed stimuli evaluated more favorably than unexposed stimuli in the neutral condition, but not in the negative condition. This result suggests that a negative mood inhibited the mere exposure effect, implying that people could use their emotional states as cues to evaluate ambiguous objects that they have been repeatedly exposed to.
尽管有许多关于单纯曝光效应的研究，但为什么会发生这种效应仍不清楚。本研究考察了负面情绪是否会增强或抑制这种效应。52 名参与者（30 名男性，22 名女性；平均年龄=20.5 岁）被分配到两种情绪诱导组（负面和中性）中的一个，并在情绪诱导后对一张照片进行了 20 次曝光。之后，进行了一项单一类别内隐联想测验，以测量他们对照片的内隐态度。存在显著的交互作用，在中性条件下，暴露刺激的评价明显优于未暴露刺激，但在负面条件下并非如此。这一结果表明，负面情绪抑制了单纯曝光效应，这意味着人们可以利用自己的情绪状态作为线索来评估他们反复接触过的模棱两可的对象。
