Brigham & Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
Confl Health. 2013 Feb 14;7(1):2. doi: 10.1186/1752-1505-7-2.
Recent initiatives by international health and humanitarian aid organizations have focused increased attention on making HIV testing services more widely available to vulnerable populations. To realize potential health benefits from new services, they must be utilized. This research addresses the question of how utilization of testing services might be encouraged and increased for refugees displaced by conflict, to make better use of existing resources.
Open-ended interviews were conducted with HIV-infected refugees (N=73) who had tested for HIV and with HIV clinic staff (N=4) in Nakivale Refugee Settlement in southwest Uganda. Interviews focused on accessibility of HIV/AIDS-related testing and care and perspectives on how to improve utilization of testing services. Data collection took place at the Nakivale HIV/AIDS Clinic from March to July of 2011. An inductive approach to data analysis was used to identify factors related to utilization.
In general, interviewees report focusing daily effort on tasks aimed at meeting survival needs. HIV testing is not prioritized over these responsibilities. Under some circumstances, however, HIV testing occurs. This happens when: (a) circumstances realign to trigger a temporary shift in priorities away from daily survival-related tasks; (b) survival needs are temporarily met; and/or (c) conditions shift to alleviate barriers to HIV testing.
HIV testing services provided for refugees must be not just available, but also utilized. Understanding what makes HIV testing possible for refugees who have tested can inform interventions to increase testing in this population. Intervening by encouraging priority shifts toward HIV testing, by helping ensure survival needs are met, and by eliminating barriers to testing, may result in refugees making better use of existing testing services.
国际卫生和人道援助组织最近采取了一系列举措，更加关注为弱势群体提供广泛的艾滋病毒检测服务。为了从新的服务中实现潜在的健康效益，必须加以利用。本研究旨在探讨如何鼓励和增加冲突中流离失所的难民利用检测服务，以更好地利用现有资源。
在乌干达西南部纳基瓦莱难民营对艾滋病毒感染者（N=73）和艾滋病毒诊所工作人员（N=4）进行了开放式访谈，了解与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的检测和护理的可及性，并探讨了如何提高检测服务的利用情况。数据收集于 2011 年 3 月至 7 月在纳基瓦莱艾滋病毒/艾滋病诊所进行。采用归纳方法对数据进行分析，以确定与利用相关的因素。
一般来说，受访者报告每天都在努力完成满足生存需求的任务。艾滋病毒检测不会优先于这些职责。然而，在某些情况下，艾滋病毒检测会发生。这发生在以下情况下：（a）情况重新调整，导致暂时将优先事项从与日常生存相关的任务转移开；（b）生存需求得到暂时满足；和/或（c）情况发生变化，减轻了艾滋病毒检测的障碍。
为难民提供的艾滋病毒检测服务不仅必须可用，而且必须加以利用。了解哪些因素使接受过检测的难民有可能进行艾滋病毒检测，可以为增加这一人群的检测提供信息。通过鼓励优先转向艾滋病毒检测、帮助确保生存需求得到满足以及消除检测障碍，可能会促使难民更好地利用现有的检测服务。
