Gustafson Kyle D, Newman Robert A, Tkach Vasyl V
Department of Zoology, Oklahoma State University, Life Sciences West, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA.
J Parasitol. 2013 Aug;99(4):587-94. doi: 10.1645/GE-3246.1. Epub 2013 Feb 14.
We studied helminth communities in sympatric populations of leopard frogs (Lithobates pipiens) and wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) and assessed the effects of host species and life stage on helminth community composition and helminth species richness. We examined 328 amphibians including 218 northern leopard frogs and 110 wood frogs collected between April and August of 2009 and 2010 in the Sheyenne National Grasslands of southeastern North Dakota. Echinostomatid metacercariae were the most common helminths found, with the highest prevalence in metamorphic wood frogs. Host species significantly influenced helminth community composition, and host life stage significantly influenced the component community composition of leopard frogs. In these sympatric populations, leopard frogs were common hosts for adult trematodes whereas wood frogs exhibited a higher prevalence of nematodes with direct life cycles. Metamorphic frogs were commonly infected with echinostomatid metacercariae and other larval trematodes whereas juvenile and adult frogs were most-frequently infected with directly transmitted nematodes and trophically transmitted trematodes. Accordingly, helminth species richness increased with the developmental life stage of the host.
我们研究了豹蛙（北美豹蛙）和林蛙（林蛙）同域种群中的蠕虫群落，并评估了宿主物种和生活阶段对蠕虫群落组成及蠕虫物种丰富度的影响。我们检查了328只两栖动物，包括2009年4月至8月以及2010年在北达科他州东南部谢延国家草原收集的218只北美豹蛙和110只林蛙。棘口吸虫尾蚴是最常见的蠕虫，在变态期林蛙中的感染率最高。宿主物种显著影响蠕虫群落组成，宿主生活阶段显著影响豹蛙的组成群落组成。在这些同域种群中，豹蛙是成年吸虫的常见宿主，而林蛙线虫直接生活史的感染率较高。变态期蛙通常感染棘口吸虫尾蚴和其他幼虫吸虫，而幼蛙和成蛙最常感染直接传播的线虫和营养传播的吸虫。因此，蠕虫物种丰富度随着宿主的发育生活阶段而增加。
