Marine Research Institute, Skúlagata 4, P.O. Box 1390, 121, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2013 Oct;39(5):1195-203. doi: 10.1007/s10695-013-9775-9. Epub 2013 Feb 15.
Induction of triploidy has been suggested as an effective tool to prevent spawning of farmed fish. This experiment examined the growth potential of triploid cod when reared communally with diploid ones after the juvenile stage. Pressure treatment was used to induce triploidy in a batch of cod eggs in April 2009. The resulting offspring were reared separately from their diploid counterparts until they reached the proper size for PIT tagging. At the age of 8 months, an equal number of 115 diploids (135.5 ± 3.95 g) and triploids (93.6 ± 2.63 g) were communally reared in a circular flow-through tank until the age of 22 months. By the end of this rearing period, diploids (1,002.4 ± 39.9 g) were significantly heavier than triploids (654.6 ± 27.7 g), but the specific growth rate did not differ significantly during the growth trial. Gonadal development at the age of 22 months was also lower among triploids than diploids, especially for females (5.3 and 91.9 %) but also for males (32.5 and 72.7 %). Sterility among female triploids was evident by the reduced size and dysfunctional gonads, but gonadal development in male triploids was less suppressed. Prevalence of body deformities was, however, significantly higher among triploids (62.6 %) than diploids (33.9 %). Higher prevalence of deformities in triploid cod underlines the need for further fine-tuning of the triploidization procedure or finding other methods of sterilization. At present, triploid cod are still far from being established as an alternative for commercial production.
三倍体诱导已被提议作为一种防止养殖鱼类产卵的有效工具。本实验研究了幼鱼期后与二倍体共同养殖的三倍体鳕鱼的生长潜力。2009 年 4 月，使用压力处理诱导一批鳕鱼卵的三倍体。所得后代与二倍体分开饲养，直到它们达到 PIT 标记的适当大小。在 8 个月大时，将数量相等的 115 个二倍体（135.5 ± 3.95 g）和三倍体（93.6 ± 2.63 g）共同饲养在圆形流水养殖池中，直到 22 个月大。在这个养殖期结束时，二倍体（1002.4 ± 39.9 g）的体重明显高于三倍体（654.6 ± 27.7 g），但在生长试验期间特定生长率没有显著差异。22 个月时，三倍体的性腺发育也低于二倍体，尤其是雌性（5.3%和 91.9%），但雄性也一样（32.5%和 72.7%）。雌性三倍体的不育性表现为性腺缩小和功能障碍，但雄性三倍体的性腺发育抑制程度较低。然而，三倍体的身体畸形率明显高于二倍体（62.6%比 33.9%）。三倍体鳕鱼畸形率较高，突出表明需要进一步微调三倍体化程序或寻找其他绝育方法。目前，三倍体鳕鱼离作为商业生产的替代品还相差甚远。
