NKI-AvL, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Department of Molecular Pathology, C2.001, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2013 Oct;39(6):664-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.01.003. Epub 2013 Feb 19.
By the introduction of molecularly targeted anti-cancer drugs, that are designed to intervene with specific pathways aberrant in cancers with distinct mutations, the type of adverse events encountered has changed greatly compared to the adverse events profile of classical chemotherapeutic agents. Ocular toxicities, such as serous retinal detachment and retinal vein occlusion, are observed in the treatment with several protein kinase inhibitors, such as MEK inhibitors. This review discusses the pathophysiology, diagnosis and advice for clinical management of these toxicities, and focuses on the current understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Some ocular toxicities can be considered a class effect and a direct result of intervening with the MAPK pathway. Effective recording and monitoring will contribute to increased understanding of the prevalence and of adequate management of these ocular toxicities, but further research is warranted to elucidate the exact underlying mechanisms and to optimize treatment of these undesirable toxicities.
随着分子靶向抗癌药物的问世，这些药物旨在干预具有不同突变的癌症中异常的特定途径，与经典化疗药物的不良事件谱相比，所遇到的不良事件类型发生了很大变化。几种蛋白激酶抑制剂（如 MEK 抑制剂）治疗时会出现眼部毒性，如浆液性视网膜脱离和视网膜静脉阻塞。本文讨论了这些毒性的发病机制、诊断和临床管理建议，并重点介绍了对潜在分子机制的现有认识。一些眼部毒性可被视为一类效应，是直接干预 MAPK 途径的结果。有效的记录和监测将有助于提高对这些眼部毒性的普遍性和适当管理的认识，但需要进一步研究以阐明确切的潜在机制，并优化这些不良毒性的治疗。
