Tokyo, Japan; Singapore; and Ann Arbor, Mich. From the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School; the Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, National University Health System; and the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013 Mar;131(3):655-665. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31827c6f90.
In the clinical decision-making process, prognostic information gives physicians guidance regarding disease and treatment that can be passed along to patients. Using the clinical scenario of a type IIIB open tibial fracture as an example, this article focuses on how to search prognostic literature effectively and how to critically appraise prognostic studies. A well-built clinical question using the Patients, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes methodology helps plastic surgeons derive information from the vast resources in an effective and time-efficient manner. Subsequent critical appraisal of the collected studies is the essential step for identifying the most relevant high-quality evidence to provide the best prognostic information to guide patient decision-making.
在临床决策过程中，预后信息为医生提供有关疾病和治疗的指导，这些信息可以传达给患者。本文以 IIIB 型开放性胫骨骨折的临床情况为例，重点介绍如何有效地搜索预后文献以及如何批判性地评价预后研究。使用患者、干预、比较和结局（Patients, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes，PICO）方法构建一个良好的临床问题，可以帮助整形外科医生以有效和高效的方式从大量资源中获取信息。随后对收集到的研究进行批判性评价是确定最相关的高质量证据以提供最佳预后信息来指导患者决策的关键步骤。
