Pearson Helen
Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Surrey, UK.
Br J Nurs. 2013;22(4):212-5. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2013.22.4.212.
Intuition is widely used in clinical decision making yet its use is underestimated compared to scientific decision-making methods. Information processing is used within scientific decision making and is methodical and analytical, whereas intuition relies more on a practitioner's perception. Intuition is an unconscious process and may be referred to as a 'sixth sense', 'hunch' or 'gut feeling'. It is not underpinned by valid and reliable measures. Expert health professionals use a rapid, automatic process to recognise familiar problems instantly. Intuition could therefore involve pattern recognition, where experts draw on experiences, so could be perceived as a cognitive skill rather than a perception or knowing without knowing how. The NHS places great importance on evidence-based practice but intuition is seemingly becoming an acceptable way of thinking and knowing in clinical decision making. Recognising nursing as an art allows intuition to be used and the environment or situation to be interpreted to help inform decision making. Intuition can be used in conjunction with evidence-based practice and to achieve good outcomes and deserves to be acknowledged within clinical practice.
直觉在临床决策中被广泛应用，但与科学决策方法相比，其应用被低估了。科学决策中使用信息处理，是有条理且具分析性的，而直觉更多地依赖从业者的感知。直觉是一个无意识的过程，可能被称为“第六感”“直觉”或“本能感觉”。它没有有效的可靠测量方法作为支撑。专业的健康专家会使用快速、自动的过程来立即识别熟悉的问题。因此，直觉可能涉及模式识别，专家借助经验，所以它可被视为一种认知技能，而非一种不知如何却知晓的感知或认知方式。英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）非常重视循证实践，但直觉似乎正成为临床决策中一种可接受的思维和认知方式。将护理视为一门艺术能让直觉得以运用，并对环境或情况进行解读以辅助决策。直觉可与循证实践结合使用，以实现良好结果，并且在临床实践中值得被认可。
