长期吸烟和咀嚼烟草对血脂水平的影响。
The effect of chronic tobacco smoking and chewing on the lipid profile.
作者信息
Rao Ch Srinivasa, Subash Y Emmanuel
机构信息
Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Siddhartha Medical College , Gunadala, Vijayawada-520 008 (A.P.) Southern India .
出版信息
J Clin Diagn Res. 2013 Jan;7(1):31-4. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2012/5086.2663. Epub 2013 Jan 1.
BACKGROUND
A worldwide epidemic of cardio vascular diseases is evolving, out of which atherosclerosis appears to be the most frequent underlying cause. Cigarette smoking remains the most important cause of the preventable morbidity and the early mortality. Nicotine is highly addictive, it raises the brain levels of dopamine and it produces withdrawal symptoms on its discontinuation.
AIM
To study the effect of tobacco smoking & chewing on serum lipid profile.
METHODS
Although a genetic predis-position to atherosclerosis may be the cause, a vast majority of the atherosclerotic related diseases, which include coronary heart diseases, are acquired. Those which usually appear later in life are largely preventable. Tobacco is the major and the single most preventable risk factor for atherosclerotic related, clinical events like coronary heart disease. This study was conducted on three groups of male subjects, with each group containing 25 individuals of 25 to 35 years of age and who weighed 50-70 kgs.Group-I: non smokers and non chewers.Group-II: smokers and non chewersGroup-III: chewers and non smokers.To estimate the triglycerides, glycerol which is derived from the saponification of triglycerides is oxidized to formaldehyde, which in turn is made to react with ammonia and acetylacetone to give rise to a chromogen (3.5 diacetyle-1,4 dihydrolutidine). It is quantified spectro-photometrically (the HANTZSCH reaction).
RESULTS
The mean serum total cholesterol level in the subjects of Group II was more by about 16.94 % (p< 0.001) and that in the subjects of Group -III was more by 23.21% (p< 0.001).The mean serum VLDL level in the subjects of Group II had an increase of about 27.54% (p< 0.01) and in Group -III, it had increased by11.82% (p< 0.01).The mean serum LDL level in the subjects of Group II showed an increase of about 34.64% (p< 0.001) and in Group -III, it had increased by16.27% (p< 0.001).The mean serum HDL level in the subjects of Group II showed a decrease in the mean serum HDL level by about 9.78 % (p< 0.01) and in Group -III, it had decreased by 22.12% (p< 0.01).The mean serum Triglyceride level in the subjects of Group II showed an increase of about 25.40% (p< 0.001) and in Group -III, it was more by33.35% (p< 0.001).
CONCLUSION
There was a significant increase in total cholesterol and LDL-C in tobacco users ,as compared to non tobacco users.
背景
一场全球性的心血管疾病大流行正在演变，其中动脉粥样硬化似乎是最常见的潜在病因。吸烟仍然是可预防的发病和早期死亡的最重要原因。尼古丁极易成瘾，它会提高大脑中的多巴胺水平，且在停用后会产生戒断症状。
目的
研究吸烟和咀嚼烟草对血清脂质谱的影响。
方法
尽管动脉粥样硬化的遗传易感性可能是病因，但绝大多数与动脉粥样硬化相关的疾病，包括冠心病，都是后天获得的。那些通常在生命后期出现的疾病在很大程度上是可以预防的。烟草是与动脉粥样硬化相关的临床事件如冠心病的主要且唯一最可预防的风险因素。本研究对三组男性受试者进行，每组有25名年龄在25至35岁、体重50 - 70千克的个体。第一组：不吸烟者且不咀嚼烟草者。第二组：吸烟者且不咀嚼烟草者。第三组：咀嚼烟草者且不吸烟者。为了估算甘油三酯，将由甘油三酯皂化得到的甘油氧化为甲醛，然后使其与氨和乙酰丙酮反应生成一种色原（3,5 - 二乙酰 - 1,4 - 二氢卢剔啶）。通过分光光度法（汉茨希反应）对其进行定量。
结果
第二组受试者的平均血清总胆固醇水平高出约16.94%（p < 0.001），第三组受试者的平均血清总胆固醇水平高出23.21%（p < 0.001）。第二组受试者的平均血清极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）水平升高了约27.54%（p < 0.01），第三组升高了11.82%（p < 0.01）。第二组受试者的平均血清低密度脂蛋白（LDL）水平升高了约34.64%（p < 0.001），第三组升高了16.27%（p < 0.001）。第二组受试者的平均血清高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平平均降低了约9.78%（p < 0.01），第三组降低了22.12%（p < 0.01）。第二组受试者的平均血清甘油三酯水平升高了约25.40%（p < 0.001），第三组升高了33.35%（p < 0.001）。
结论
与非烟草使用者相比，烟草使用者的总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL - C）显著增加。
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