Pol Jonathan, Le Bœuf Fabrice, Diallo Jean-Simon
Centre de recherche novatrice sur le cancer, Institut de recherche de l'hôpital d'Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Med Sci (Paris). 2013 Feb;29(2):165-73. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2013292014. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
Since over a century, medical literature has reported cases of viral infections leading to tumour regression. This phenomenon, now understood, can be exploited for cancer therapy. It involves viruses defined as "oncolytic". These viruses, either wild-type or genetically engineered, replicate preferentially in malignant cells. They induce tumour regression through various mechanisms including direct cell lysis and stimulation of an anti-tumour immune response. Several oncolytic viruses have reached late-stage clinical investigation and could be approved soon for treating certain neoplasms. While already promising, there is still room for improvement and various genetic, immunological, and pharmacological strategies are currently under development to increase their therapeutic efficacy.
一个多世纪以来，医学文献中就已报道过病毒感染导致肿瘤消退的病例。现在我们已经了解了这种现象，可以将其用于癌症治疗。这涉及到被定义为“溶瘤性”的病毒。这些病毒，无论是野生型还是基因工程改造的，都优先在恶性细胞中复制。它们通过包括直接细胞裂解和刺激抗肿瘤免疫反应在内的各种机制诱导肿瘤消退。几种溶瘤病毒已进入后期临床研究，可能很快被批准用于治疗某些肿瘤。虽然已经很有前景，但仍有改进的空间，目前正在开发各种基因、免疫和药理学策略以提高它们的治疗效果。
